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首页> 外文期刊>Berliner und Munchener Tierarztliche Wochenschrift >The role of dietary calcium concentration in the use of anionic salts to prevent parturient paresis in dairy cows.
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The role of dietary calcium concentration in the use of anionic salts to prevent parturient paresis in dairy cows.

机译：日粮钙浓度在使用阴离子盐预防奶牛产后轻瘫中的作用。

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The role of dietary calcium concentration during the feeding of anionic salts (AS) was reviewed. Hypocalcaemia is still the major cause of parturient paresis in dairy cows. Feeding AS is an established method for preventing severe hypocalcaemia by activating the calcium metabolism in the last two to three weeks before parturition by inducing a metabolic acidosis. In compensation for this acidosis, the organism increases the concentrations of ionized Ca [Ca2+] in the blood. This increase leads to an increasing excretion of calcium via the urine, which is ensued by an increased calcium absorption in the intestine. The ongoing metabolic acidosis changed the flux of Ca. The size of the Ca pool, however, remained unchanged. As the calcium metabolism is activated by AS, it seems necessary to increase the amount of calcium that is fed to the cows. Several studies examined the impact of different dietary calcium concentrations on the acid-base balance and the calcium metabolism in cows fed anionic salts. The study designs vary concerning the amounts of calcium fed and the use of pregnant or non-pregnant cows. Only one study combined the feeding of AS with a very low amount of calcium, which fell below the daily requirements of pregnant cows in the last three weeks before parturition. In this study, the calcium balance post partum was better in the cows that were administered AS and a high calcium diet. In the other studies, the amount of calcium in the different experimental groups and the difference between the amounts of calcium fed varied greatly. As far as it was monitored in the studies, the calcium concentration of the diet did not have a significant impact on the degree of acidosis induced by AS. In pregnant cows, no significant differences in the calcium concentration in serum or urine occurred before parturition. Some of the researchers found a lower incidence of parturient paresis when cows were fed a combination of AS and a higher amount of calcium, but some other researches did not. Interestingly, the parameters of bone metabolism did not change between experimental groups. According to what is currently known, the feeding of AS to transition cows should not be combined with a dietary calcium concentration that falls below the requirement of cows in this stage of lactation. On the other hand, there is no need to increase the Ca concentration. When AS are used the dietary calcium concentration should be between 9 g and 12 g/kg dry matter. Further research is needed to investigate the role of dietary calcium regarding the use of AS for improving Ca metabolism in dairy cows around parturition.
机译：综述了膳食钙浓度在阴离子盐（AS）喂养过程中的作用。低钙血症仍然是奶牛产后轻瘫的主要原因。进食AS是一种成熟的预防严重低血钙症的方法，它可以在分娩前的最后两到三周通过诱导代谢性酸中毒来激活钙代谢，从而预防这种疾病。为了补偿这种酸中毒，生物体增加了血液中离子化的Ca [Ca2 +]的浓度。这种增加导致尿中钙的排泄增加，这是由于肠中钙吸收的增加所致。正在进行的代谢性酸中毒改变了Ca的通量。但是，钙池的大小保持不变。由于AS会激活钙代谢，因此有必要增加饲喂母牛的钙量。几项研究检查了不同饮食中钙的浓度对饲喂阴离子盐的奶牛的酸碱平衡和钙代谢的影响。研究设计在饲喂钙量以及怀孕或未怀孕母牛的使用方面有所不同。只有一项研究将AS的饲喂与非常少量的钙结合在一起，钙的含量低于分娩前最后三周母猪的每日需求量。在这项研究中，使用AS和高钙饮食的母牛产后钙平衡更好。在其他研究中，不同实验组中的钙量和补钙量之间的差异差异很大。就研究中所监测的而言，饮食中的钙浓度对AS引起的酸中毒程度没有显着影响。在怀孕的母牛中，分娩前血清或尿液中钙浓度没有显着差异。一些研究人员发现，在给母牛喂饲AS和较高钙含量的情况下，产后轻瘫的发生率较低，但其他一些研究没有。有趣的是，实验组之间的骨代谢参数没有变化。根据目前已知的情况，在泌乳的这一阶段，不应将向过渡母牛饲喂AS和日粮中的钙含量降低到母牛的需求以下。另一方面，不需要增加Ca浓度。使用AS时，饮食中钙的浓度应在9 g至12 g / kg干物质之间。需要进一步的研究来研究饮食钙在使用AS改善分娩前后奶牛钙代谢方面的作用。

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