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Application of synthetic biology for production of chemicals in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

机译：合成生物学在酿酒酵母中化学生产中的应用

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摘要

Synthetic biology and metabolic engineering enable generation of novel cell factories that efficiently convert renewable feedstocks into biofuels, bulk, and fine chemicals, thus creating the basis for biosustainable economy independent on fossil resources. While over a hundred proof-of-concept chemicals have been made in yeast, only a very small fraction of those has reached commercial-scale production so far. The limiting factor is the high research cost associated with the development of a robust cell factory that can produce the desired chemical at high titer, rate, and yield. Synthetic biology has the potential to bring down this cost by improving our ability to predictably engineer biological systems. This review highlights synthetic biology applications for design, assembly, and optimization of non-native biochemical pathways in baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We describe computational tools for the prediction of biochemical pathways, molecular biology methods for assembly of DNA parts into pathways, and for introducing the pathways into the host, and finally approaches for optimizing performance of the introduced pathways.
机译：合成生物学和代谢工程使新一代细胞工厂得以产生，这些工厂将可再生原料有效地转化为生物燃料，散装和精细化学品，从而为不依赖化石资源的生物可持续经济奠定了基础。尽管已经在酵母中生产了一百多种概念验证的化学药品，但到目前为止，只有极少数的化学试剂达到了商业规模的生产。限制因素是与强大的细胞工厂的发展相关的高研究成本，该工厂可以高滴度，高速率和高产率生产所需的化学药品。合成生物学有潜力通过提高我们对生物系统进行可预测的工程设计的能力来降低成本。这篇综述重点介绍了合成生物学在面包酵母酿酒酵母中的设计，组装和非天然生化途径的优化应用。我们描述了用于预测生化途径的计算工具，用于将DNA部件组装到途径中以及用于将途径引入宿主的分子生物学方法，以及最终用于优化所引入途径性能的途径。

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