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Grouping of early maturing quality protein maize inbreds based on SNP markers and combining ability under multiple environments

机译：基于SNP标记的早熟优质蛋白玉米自交系的分组以及在多种环境下的结合能力

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Food insecurity and malnutrition are two major challenges facing rural populations in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Hybrids of quality protein maize (QPM) have a crucial role here to play because QPM contains increased lysine and tryptophan concentrations and has a higher biological value than the normal maize. Information on the combining ability and heterotic patterns of QPM inbreds is crucial for the success of hybrid programs in the sub-region. Ninety-one diallel crosses derived from 14 early maturing yellow-endosperm QPM inbreds were evaluated from 2010 to 2012 under Striga infested, drought, low-N and optimal environments in Nigeria. The objectives were to (i) examine the combining ability of the set of early yellow QPM inbreds, (ii) classify the inbreds into heterotic groups and identify the best testers (iii) compare the efficiencies of the heterotic grouping methods in classifying the inbreds and (iv) determine the grain yield and stability of the inbreds in hybrid combinations under the research environments. General (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability effects were important in the inheritance of grain yield and other traits of the inbreds. However, GCA was more important than SCA under each contrasting environment and across environments suggesting that the additive gene action was more important than the non-additive in the set of inbreds. The SCA effects of grain yield and the heterotic group's SCA and GCA of grain yield (HSGCA) methods classified the inbreds into three groups each, while the heterotic grouping based on GCA of multiple traits (HGCAMT) and the SNP-based genetic distance (GD) methods had two groups each across research environments. There was close correspondence among the classifications of all the grouping methods in terms of placement of inbreds into the same heterotic groups. The SNP-based method was the most efficient and was used to identify TZEQI 87 and TZEQI 91 as the best testers for the SNP-based heterotic groups 1 and 2. The hybrids, TZEQI 87 x TZEQI 93, TZEQI 77 x TZEQI 91 and TZEQI 80 x TZEQI 91 were identified as the most stable and high yielding across research environments and should be commercialized. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
机译：粮食不安全和营养不良是撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）农村人口面临的两个主要挑战。优质蛋白玉米（QPM）的杂种在这里起着至关重要的作用，因为QPM含有更高的赖氨酸和色氨酸浓度，并且比普通玉米具有更高的生物学价值。有关QPM自交系的结合能力和杂种模式的信息对于该分区域杂交计划的成功至关重要。在尼日利亚的斯特里加（Striga）出没，干旱，低氮和最佳环境下，于2010年至2012年对来自14个早熟的黄色胚乳QPM自交系的91个二元杂交进行了评估。目的是（i）检查一组早期黄色QPM自交系的结合能力，（ii）将近交系分类为杂种群体并确定最佳测试者（iii）比较异源分组方法在对近交种进行分类的效率（iv）确定研究环境下杂交组合中自交系的籽粒产量和稳定性。普通（GCA）和特殊（SCA）结合能力的影响对于自交系的谷物产量和其他性状的遗传很重要。但是，在每个不同的环境下和跨环境下，GCA比SCA更重要，这表明在近交系中加性基因作用比非加性作用更为重要。粮食产量的SCA效应和杂种群体的粮食产量的SCA和GCA（HSGCA）方法将近交种分别分为三类，而基于多性状GCA的杂种群体（HGCAMT）和基于SNP的遗传距离（GD） ）方法在研究环境中各有两组。就近交系在同一杂种群体中的分布而言，所有分组方法的分类之间有着密切的对应关系。基于SNP的方法是最有效的方法，用于将TZEQI 87和TZEQI 91识别为基于SNP的杂合基团1和2的最佳测试者。杂种TZEQI 87 x TZEQI 93，TZEQI 77 x TZEQI 91和TZEQI 80 x TZEQI 91被认为是整个研究环境中最稳定和高产的，应将其商业化。 （C）2015作者。由Elsevier B.V.发布

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