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首页> 外文期刊>Food Protection Trends >A comparison of hand and machine dishwashing from a hygienic standpoint.
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A comparison of hand and machine dishwashing from a hygienic standpoint.

机译：从卫生角度比较手洗和机器洗碗。

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In Europe, the majority of dishwashing is done manually, whereas dishwashing machines are used in approximately one-fourth of washing procedures. In this work, we investigated the survival of Enterococcus faecium with machine dishwashing and hand dishwashing. Bacterial counts in the wash tank of the dishwasher were reduced by more than 3 log units within 5 minutes. Bacterial reduction was much slower during hand dishwashing, in which a reduction of 0.7 log units was observed after 43 minutes. It was also observed that the type of soil has little influence on the survival of E. faecium in dishwater during hand dishwashing. The mean numbers of E. faecium on cleaned dishware was 13-26 times higher for items cleaned by hand dishwashing than for those cleaned by machine dishwashing. Plates that were not visually clean after hand dishwashing had higher numbers of surviving E. faecium than plates that were visually clean. From a hygienic point of view, machine dishwashing is superior to hand dishwashing. In the machine, a higher temperature and pH are combined with lower COD (chemical oxygen demand) and faster drying, creating a harsh environment for microorganisms. Machine dishwashing is also more easily replicated than hand dishwashing, since it is controlled by the specifications of the machine.
机译：在欧洲，大多数洗碗都是手动完成的，而洗碗机大约需要四分之一的洗涤程序。在这项工作中，我们通过机械洗碗和手洗碗碟调查了粪肠球菌的存活。在5分钟内，洗碗机洗碗池中的细菌数减少了3个对数单位以上。洗手过程中细菌的减少要慢得多，在43分钟后观察到细菌减少了0.7 log个单位。还观察到，土壤类型对 E的生存影响很小。洗碗时在碗碟中倒粪便。 E的平均数。用手洗碗碟清洁的粪便比机器洗碗碟清洁的粪便高13-26倍。洗手后视觉上不干净的板的存活率更高。粪便而不是外观干净的盘子。从卫生的观点来看，机器洗碗优于手洗碗。在机器中，较高的温度和pH值与较低的COD（化学需氧量）和更快的干燥结合在一起，为微生物创造了恶劣的环境。与手动洗碗机相比，机器洗碗机也更容易复制，因为它受机器规格的控制。

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