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Influence of sex and body mass index on facial soft tissue thickness measurements of the northern Chinese adult population

机译：性别和体重指数对中国北方成年人口面部软组织厚度测量的影响

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摘要

Forensic facial reconstruction is a mixture of science and art, as it attempts to reestablish the contours of the soft tissues over the skull. From a forensic point of view, identification of an unknown body relies heavily on this visual aspect of recognition. To obtain acceptable results in forensic facial reconstruction, accurate facial soft tissue thickness data are essential. Until now, despite numerous works related to soft tissue thickness, there is little information in this area for the Chinese population. To this end, this study developed soft tissue thickness data for the Chinese adult population. Spiral computed tomography (CT) data and the body mass index (BMI) of 200 northern Chinese aged 18-32 years were collected. Soft tissue thickness measurements at 20 anthropological landmarks on the skull were taken, based on the three-dimensional models of the skull and face reconstructed from the spiral CT data of each subject. Considering the sex and BMI of the individuals, general descriptive analyses of soft tissue thickness were determined. Statistical analyses were performed between males and females in each BMI group, as well as between each of the BMI categories for males and females, respectively. The results revealed that males have thicker soft tissues than females at most of the anthropological landmarks in the Chinese population, similar to other populations. However, only one-third of these differences were statistically significant between males and females. Taking into consideration the nutritional status, the soft tissue thickness measurements increased with increased BMI levels for both sexes at each landmark, and the statistically significant differences were depicted between the different BMI categories at most of the landmarks. In conclusion, this study has provided useful reference points of the adult northern Chinese population for forensic facial reconstruction, and recommends that the nutritional status of the subject be considered during skull reconstruction procedures.
机译：法医面部重建是科学与艺术的结合，因为它试图在颅骨上重建软组织的轮廓。从法医的角度来看，对未知物体的识别在很大程度上取决于识别的视觉方面。为了在法医面部重建中获得可接受的结果，准确的面部软组织厚度数据至关重要。到目前为止，尽管进行了大量有关软组织厚度的研究，但该地区对于中国人的信息很少。为此，本研究为中国成年人群开发了软组织厚度数据。收集了200位年龄在18-32岁的中国北方人的螺旋计算机断层扫描（CT）数据和体重指数（BMI）。根据从每个受试者的螺旋CT数据重建的颅骨和面部的三维模型，对颅骨上20个人类学界标进行了软组织厚度测量。考虑到个体的性别和BMI，确定了软组织厚度的一般描述性分析。每个BMI组中的男性和女性之间以及男性和女性的每个BMI类别之间均进行了统计分析。结果表明，与其他人群相似，在中国人口的大多数人类学标志上，男性的软组织比女性厚。但是，这些差异中只有三分之一在男性和女性之间具有统计学意义。考虑到营养状况，在每个地标处，男女性别的BMI水平均随着软组织厚度测量值的增加而增加，并且在大多数地标处，不同BMI类别之间的统计学差异显着。总而言之，这项研究为北方华人成年人的法医面部重建提供了有用的参考点，并建议在头骨重建过程中考虑受试者的营养状况。

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