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首页> 外文期刊>Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology >Somatostatin family of peptides and its receptors in fish.
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Somatostatin family of peptides and its receptors in fish.

机译：鱼中生长抑素家族的肽及其受体。

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Somatostatin (SRIF or SS) is a phylogenetically ancient, multigene family of peptides. SRIF-14 is conserved with identical primary structure in species of all classes of vertebrates. The presence of multiple SRIF genes has been demonstrated in a number of fish species and could extend to tetrapods. Three distinct SRIF genes have been identified in goldfish. One of these genes, which encodes [Pro2]SRIF-14, is also present in sturgeon and African lungfish, and is closely associated with amphibian [Pro2,Met13]SRIF-14 gene and mammalian cortistatin gene. The post-translational processing of SRIF precursors could result in multiple forms of mature SRIF peptides, with differential abundance and tissue- or cell type-specific patterns. The main neuroendocrine role of SRIF-14 peptide that has been determined in fish is the inhibition of pituitary growth hormone secretion. The functions of SRIF-14 variant or larger forms of SRIF peptide and the regulation of SRIF gene expression remain to be explored. Type 1 and type 2 SRIF receptors have been identified from goldfish and a type 3 SRIF receptor has been identified from an electric fish. Fish SRIF receptors display considerable homology with mammalian counterparts in terms of primary structure and negative coupling to adenylate cyclase. Although additional types of receptors remain to be determined, identification of the multiple gene family of SRIF peptides and multiple types of SRIF receptors opens a new avenue for the study of physiological roles of SRIF, and the molecular and cellular mechanisms of SRIF action in fish.
机译：生长抑素（SRIF或SS）是系统发育上古老的多基因肽家族。 SRIF-14在所有类别的脊椎动物物种中均具有相同的一级结构而被保守。已经在许多鱼类中证实了多个SRIF基因的存在，并且可能延伸到四足动物。在金鱼中已经鉴定出三个不同的SRIF基因。其中一种编码[Pro2] SRIF-14的基因也存在于st鱼和非洲肺鱼中，并且与两栖动物[Pro2，Met13] SRIF-14基因和哺乳动物皮质抑素基因密切相关。 SRIF前体的翻译后加工可能会导致多种形式的成熟SRIF肽，具有不同的丰度和组织或细胞类型特异性模式。已在鱼类中确定的SRIF-14肽的主要神经内分泌作用是抑制垂体生长激素的分泌。 SRIF-14变体或更大形式的SRIF肽的功能和SRIF基因表达的调控仍有待探索。从金鱼中鉴定出1型和2型SRIF受体，从电鱼中鉴定出3型SRIF受体。鱼的SRIF受体在一级结构和与腺苷酸环化酶的负性偶联方面表现出与哺乳动物对应物相当的同源性。尽管尚需确定其他类型的受体，但鉴定SRIF肽的多个基因家族和SRIF受体的多种类型为研究SRIF的生理作用以及SRIF在鱼类中的分子和细胞机制开辟了一条新途径。

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