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首页> 外文期刊>Forest Ecology and Management >Land cover analysis in wildland-urban interfaces according to wildfire risk: a case study in the South of France. (Special Issue: The FIRE PARADOX project: understanding fire ecology and implications for management.)
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Land cover analysis in wildland-urban interfaces according to wildfire risk: a case study in the South of France. (Special Issue: The FIRE PARADOX project: understanding fire ecology and implications for management.)

机译：根据野火风险在野地-城市界面进行土地覆盖分析：以法国南部为例。 （特刊：FIRE PARADOX项目：了解火灾生态及其对管理的影响。）

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Each year, forest fires destroy about 500,000 ha of vegetation in Europe, predominantly in the Mediterranean region. Many large fires are linked to the land transformations that have taken place in the Mediterranean region in recent decades that have increased the risk of forest fires. On the one hand, agricultural fallows and orchards are slowly being colonized by vegetation, and on the other hand, the forest is not sufficiently used, both of which result in increased accumulation of fuel. In addition, urbanization combined with forest extension results in new spatial configurations called "wildland-urban interfaces" (WUI). WUI are commonly defined as "areas where urban areas meet and interact with rural lands, wildland vegetation and forests". Spatial analyses were performed using a WUI typology based on two intertwined elements, the spatial organization of homes and the structure of fuel vegetation. The organization of the land cover in terms of representativeness, complexity or road density was evaluated for each type of WUI. Results showed that there were significant differences between the types of WUI in the study area. Three indicators (i) "fire ignition density", derived from the distribution of fire ignition points, (ii) "wildfire density", derived from the distribution of wildfire area and (iii) "burned area ratio", derived from the proportion of the burned area to the total study area were then compared with each type of WUI. Assuming that the three indicators correspond to important aspects of fire risk, we showed that, at least in the south of France, WUI are at high risk of wildfire, and that of the different types of wildland-urban interfaces, isolated and scattered WUI were the most at risk. Their main land cover characteristics, i.e. low housing and road densities but a high density of country roads, and the availability of burnable vegetation such as forested stands and shrubland (garrigue) explain the high fire risk. Improving our knowledge of relationships between WUI environments and fire risk should increase the efficiency of wildfire prevention: to this end, suitable prevention actions and communication campaigns targeting the types of WUI at the highest risk are recommended.
机译：每年，森林大火在欧洲摧毁了大约500,000公顷的植被，主要是在地中海地区。许多大火与近几十年来在地中海地区发生的土地转化有关，土地转化增加了森林火灾的风险。一方面，农业休耕地和果园正缓慢地被植被所占据，另一方面，森林没有得到充分利用，这两者都导致了燃料积累的增加。此外，城市化与森林扩展相结合导致了新的空间配置，称为“荒地-城市界面”（WUI）。 WUI通常被定义为“城市地区与农村土地，野外植被和森林相遇并相互作用的区域”。空间分析是根据两个相互关联的要素，房屋的空间组织和燃料植被的结构，使用WUI类型学进行的。对每种WUI类型的代表性，复杂性或道路密度方面的土地覆盖组织进行了评估。结果表明，研究区域内的WUI类型之间存在显着差异。三个指标（i）从着火点的分布得出的“着火密度”，（ii）从野火面积的分布得出的“野火密度”，以及（iii）从火势面积的比例得出的“燃烧面积比”然后将烧伤面积占研究总面积与每种WUI类型进行比较。假设这三个指标与火灾风险的重要方面相对应，我们表明，至少在法国南部，WUI发生野火的风险很高，而在不同类型的野地-城市界面中，WUI则是孤立且分散的最危险的。它们的主要土地覆盖特征是：房屋和道路密度低，但乡村道路的密度高，以及森林林地和灌木丛（灌木丛）等可燃植被的可利用性，说明了火灾的危险性很高。增进我们对WUI环境与火灾风险之间关系的了解应会提高野火预防的效率：为此，建议针对高风险WUI类型采取适当的预防措施和宣传活动。

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