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Vacuole dynamics in fungi

机译:真菌中的液泡动力学

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摘要

Yeast-like and filamentous fungi contain vacuoles which are similar to mammalian lysosomes and plant vacuoles, and have a variety of important functions in solute storage, protein turnover, ion homeostasis and apoptosis. Fungal vacuoles are unusual in their wide variety of architectures and roles in different species and in different cell types their morphology and dynamics reflecting their ecological specialisation. Filamentous fungi have a network of interconnected spherical and tubular vacuole structures which may form the basis of a solute transport system that acts as nutrient transport pipelines. Some filamentous fungi fill entire cellular compartments with vacuole, which reduces the metabolic demands for cytoplasm biosynthesis and markedly affects cell cycle timing. Vacuoles are also highly dynamic, undergoing a continuous balance of fusion and fission reactions to allow changes in size, shape and number during cell division and in response to osmotic stress. This article summarises recent developments in our understanding of the dynamics, regulation and functions of fungal vacuoles
机译:酵母样丝状真菌含有与哺乳动物溶酶体和植物液泡相似的液泡,并且在溶质存储,蛋白质周转,离子稳态和凋亡方面具有多种重要功能。真菌液泡在各种物种中的广泛结构和作用以及在不同细胞类型中的形态和动力学反映了其生态专长,因此是不寻常的。丝状真菌具有相互连接的球形和管状液泡结构网络,可形成作为营养物输送管道的溶质输送系统的基础。一些丝状真菌用液泡填充整个细胞区室,这降低了细胞质生物合成的代谢需求,并显着影响细胞周期的时机。液泡也是高度动态的,经历融合和裂变反应的连续平衡,以允许在细胞分裂过程中以及响应渗透压而改变大小,形状和数量。本文总结了我们对真菌空泡的动力学,调控和功能的了解的最新进展。

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