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首页> 外文期刊>Fungal Biology Reviews >Impacts of mesomycetozoean parasites on amphibian and freshwater fish populations.
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Impacts of mesomycetozoean parasites on amphibian and freshwater fish populations.

机译：中线虫寄生虫对两栖和淡水鱼类种群的影响。

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摘要

Fungal and fungal-like parasites and the diseases which they cause have been increasingly associated with amphibians and fish population declines at a global scale. This review summarises our current knowledge of the Mesomycetozoea, a poorly-studied group of fungal-like parasites that includes emerging virulent parasites capable of causing high mortality rates in fish and amphibian populations. This review considers the potential impact of emerging parasites in this class on global aquatic biodiversity. Several aspects of the biology of mesomycetozoean parasites are associated with the potential to drive hosts to extinction, including their high virulence under certain conditions, low host specificity, and a free-living infectious stage. In addition, mesomycetozoeans are currently being introduced into novel environments and hosts via the global freshwater wildlife trade. These parasites have been linked to dramatic population declines in at least one native fish throughout Europe, and there are indications that they are already impacting amphibian populations in America and Europe. The impact of mesomycetozoeans on freshwater biodiversity is likely to increase in response to stressors such as global climate change and habitat modification. Surveillance for mesomycetozoean parasites in the field and in specimens transported in the aquatic wildlife trade needs to be increased, and a tighter control of the aquatic wildlife trade is urgently needed.
机译：真菌和类真菌的寄生虫及其引起的疾病与两栖动物和全球鱼类种群的减少越来越相关。这篇综述总结了我们对中线虫的了解，这是一种研究程度很低的真菌样寄生虫，其中包括能够导致鱼类和两栖动物种群高死亡率的新兴毒性寄生虫。这篇综述考虑了该类别中新出现的寄生虫对全球水生生物多样性的潜在影响。中生动物寄生虫生物学的几个方面与驱使宿主灭绝的潜力有关，包括它们在某些条件下的高毒力，低的宿主特异性和自由的感染阶段。此外，通过全球淡水野生动植物贸易，介孢动物正被引入新环境和寄主。这些寄生虫与整个欧洲至少一种本地鱼类的种群急剧下降有关，并且有迹象表明它们已经影响了美国和欧洲的两栖动物种群。中生动物对淡水生物多样性的影响可能会随着全球气候变化和生境改变等压力因素而增加。需要增加对水生野生生物贸易中的田间中生动物寄生虫和标本的监测，迫切需要对水生野生生物贸易进行更严格的控制。

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