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首页> 外文期刊>Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology >Mitochondrial miRNA (MitomiR): a new player in cardiovascular health
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Mitochondrial miRNA (MitomiR): a new player in cardiovascular health

机译:线粒体miRNA(MitomiR):心血管健康的新参与者

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Cardiovascular disease is one of the major causes of human morbidity and mortality in the world. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNAs that regulate gene expression and are known to be involved in the pathogenesis of heart diseases, but the translocation phenomenon and the mode of action in mitochondria are largely unknown. Recent mitochondrial proteome analysis unveiled at least 2000 proteins, of which only 13 are made by the mitochondrial genome. There are numerous studies demonstrating the translocation of proteins into the mitochondria and also translocation of ribosomal RNA (viz., 5S rRNA) into mitochondria. Recent studies have suggested that miRNAs contain sequence elements that affect their subcellular localization, particularly nuclear localization. If there are sequence elements that direct miRNAs to the nucleus, it is also possible that similar sequence elements exist to direct miRNAs to the mitochondria. In this review we have summarized most of the miRNAs that have been shown to play an important role in mitochondrial function, either by regulating mitochondrial genes or by regulating nuclear genes that are known to influence mitochondrial function. While the focus of this review is cardiovascular diseases, we also illustrate the role of mitochondrial miRNA (MitomiR) in the initiation and progression of various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, and cancer. Our goal here is to summarize the miRNAs that are localized to the mitochondrial fraction of cells, and how these miRNAs modulate cardiovascular health.
机译:心血管疾病是世界上人类发病和死亡的主要原因之一。微小RNA(miRNA)是调节基因表达的小RNA,已知与心脏病的发病机理有关,但线粒体的易位现象和作用方式在很大程度上尚不清楚。最近的线粒体蛋白质组分析揭示了至少2000种蛋白质,其中只有13种是由线粒体基因组制造的。有大量研究表明蛋白质易位到线粒体中,核糖体RNA(即5S rRNA)易位到线粒体中。最近的研究表明,miRNA包含影响其亚细胞定位,特别是核定位的序列元件。如果存在将miRNA引导至细胞核的序列元件,也可能存在相似的序列元件将miRNA引导至线粒体。在这篇综述中,我们总结了大多数通过调节线粒体基因或通过调节已知影响线粒体功能的核基因在线粒体功能中发挥重要作用的miRNA。尽管本综述的重点是心血管疾病,但我们还阐明了线粒体miRNA(MitomiR)在各种疾病(包括心血管疾病,代谢性疾病和癌症)的发生和发展中的作用。我们的目标是总结位于细胞线粒体部分的miRNA,以及这些miRNA如何调节心血管健康。

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