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首页> 外文期刊>Canadian Journal of Forest Research >Population dynamics of black spruce and white spruce near the arctic tree line in the southern Brooks Range, Alaska.
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Population dynamics of black spruce and white spruce near the arctic tree line in the southern Brooks Range, Alaska.

机译：黑云杉和白云杉在阿拉斯加南部布鲁克斯山脉的北极树线附近的种群动态。

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摘要

Black spruce (Picea mariana) is the dominant species in interior Alaska but it is largely absent from the arctic tree line. To evaluate the importance of climate and fire as controls over the species distribution, we reconstructed stand history at three sites near its northern limit in Alaska, USA, where it grows with white spruce (P. glauca). We developed a matrix model to explore black spruce population dynamics and response to varying fire intervals. All sites burned in the early 1900s. High recruitment of black spruce occurred for <30 years following the fire, but most current black spruce recruitment is clonal and seed viability is low. White spruce recruitment has been consistently high since the fire, and the majority of seedlings in the stands are white spruce. Despite low recruitment, the matrix model suggests that black spruce populations are nearly stable, largely because of low adult mortality rates. Although black spruce recruitment is stimulated by fire, the model indicates that fire intervals <350 years would destabilize the population, primarily because of slow growth and low seed production. Population dynamics of black spruce at its northern limit in Alaska thus appear to reflect an interaction between fire, which determines the temporal pattern of tree recruitment, and climate, which limits tree growth and, presumably, viable seed production..
机译：黑云杉（Picea mariana）是阿拉斯加内部的主要树种，但在北极树线中基本上不存在。为了评估气候和火势对物种分布的控制的重要性，我们在美国阿拉斯加北部界限附近的三个站点重建了林分历史，那里生长着白云杉（P. glauca）。我们开发了一个矩阵模型来探索黑云杉种群动态以及对不同火间隔的响应。所有遗址都在1900年代初被烧毁。火灾发生后不到30年，黑云杉的高招募发生了，但是目前大多数黑云杉的招募是无性系，种子活力低。自大火以来，白云杉的招募一直很高，看台上的大多数幼苗都是白云杉。尽管招聘人数较少，但矩阵模型表明，黑云杉种群几乎稳定，这主要是因为成人死亡率较低。尽管黑云杉的招募是由大火刺激的，但该模型表明，<350年的大火间隔会破坏人口的稳定，这主要是由于生长缓慢和种子产量低。因此，黑云杉在阿拉斯加北部界限的种群动态似乎反映了决定树木募集的时间格局的火灾与限制树木生长以及可能的种子生产的气候之间的相互作用。

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