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首页> 外文期刊>Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences >Effectiveness of an integrated hatchery program: can genetic-based performance differences between hatchery and wild Chinook salmon be avoided?
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Effectiveness of an integrated hatchery program: can genetic-based performance differences between hatchery and wild Chinook salmon be avoided?

机译：综合孵化场计划的有效性：孵化场和野生奇努克鲑鱼之间基于遗传的性能差异是否可以避免？

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摘要

Performance of wild (W) and hatchery (H) spring Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) was evaluated for a sixth generation hatchery program. Management techniques to minimize genetic divergence from the wild stock included regular use of wild broodstock and volitional releases of juveniles. Performance of HH, WW, and HW (hatchery female spawned with wild male) crosses was compared in hatchery and stream environments. The WW juveniles emigrated from the hatchery at two to three times the rate of HH fish in the fall (HW intermediate) and 35% more HH than WW adults returned (27% more HW than WW adults). Performance in the stream did not differ statistically between HH and WW fish, but outmigrants (38% WW, 30% HW, and 32% HH fish) during the first 39 days of the 16-month sampling period composed 74% of total outmigrants. Differences among hatchery-reared crosses were partially due to additive genetic effects, were consistent with domestication (increased fitness for the hatchery population in the hatchery program), and suggested that selection against fall emigration from the hatchery was a possible mechanism of domestication.
机译：对第六代孵化场计划评估了野生（W）和孵化场（H）春季奇努克鲑（Oncorhynchus tshawytscha）的性能。使与野生种群遗传差异最小化的管理技术包括定期使用野生亲鱼和自愿释放少年。在孵化场和河流环境中比较了HH，WW和HW（孵化场的雌性与野生雄性杂交）的性能。 WW幼鱼从孵化场移出的速度是秋天的HH鱼类的2到3倍（HW中间水平），比WW成年返回的HH高35％（HW比WW成年高27％）。在HH和WW鱼类之间，水流中的性能没有统计学差异，但是在16个月采样期的前39天，外来移民（38％WW，30％HW和32％HH鱼类）占外移民总数的74％。孵化场饲养的杂交之间的差异部分是由于累加的遗传效应所致，与驯化（孵化场计划中对孵化场种群的适应度提高）一致，并建议选择从孵化场防止秋季迁徙是驯化的可能机制。

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