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首页> 外文期刊>Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences >No-take marine reserves can enhance population persistence and support the fishery of abalone
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No-take marine reserves can enhance population persistence and support the fishery of abalone

机译：不准捕捞的海洋保护区可增强人口的持久性并支持鲍鱼的渔业

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摘要

A critical aspect in the design of a marine reserve (MR) network is its spatial configuration (i.e., the number, size, and spacing of the individual reserves), particularly how these features influence the effect on fisheries. Here, we derived a size-based, spatially explicit, stochastic demographic model to explore how different spatial configurations of MR networks can affect abundance and commercial yield of the green abalone (Haliotis fulgens), taking as a reference case the abalone fishery of Isla Natividad in Baja California Sur (Mexico). Our analysis suggests that a network of MRs can have a positive effect on abalone population abundance and a slightly negative effect on fishery output with respect to traditional maximum sustainable yield (MSY; i.e., with no reserves). Simulations show that maximum catches achievable with MRs are, under the best configuration, similar to 2%-14% lower than traditional MSY depending on the total fraction of the fishing grounds protected. In the case of overexploitation, long-term yields can increase following the implementation of MRs. In addition, in the presence of MRs, abundances and yields are much less sensitive to systematic errors in the enforcement of the optimal harvesting rate compared with situations in which MRs are not present. Given the limited dispersal ability of the species, the best outcomes in terms of fishery output would be achieved with very small reserves-around 100 m wide-so to maximize larval export in the fishable areas. Our results indicate appropriately designed MR networks are an effective strategy for meeting both conservation and economic goals under uncertainty. While the size of the existing reserves in Isla Natividad seems adequate to protect the abalone stock, smaller reserves could maximize fishery benefits, although this poses challenges for enforcement.
机译：海洋保护区（MR）网络设计的一个关键方面是其空间配置（即单个保护区的数量，大小和间距），尤其是这些特征如何影响渔业。在这里，我们推导了一个基于大小的，空间明确的随机人口统计学模型，以探索MR网络的不同空间配置如何影响绿色鲍鱼（Haliotis fulgens）的丰度和商业产量，并以Isla Natividad鲍鱼捕捞为参考案例在下加利福尼亚州苏尔（墨西哥）。我们的分析表明，与传统的最大可持续产量（MSY;即无储备）相比，MRs网络可对鲍鱼种群数量产生积极影响，而对渔业产量产生轻微负面影响。模拟显示，在最佳配置下，MRs可实现的最大捕获量比传统MSY低约2％-14％，具体取决于受保护渔场的总比例。在过度开发的情况下，实施MRs后长期产量会增加。此外，与不存在MR的情况相比，在存在MR的情况下，丰度和产量对最佳收获率实施中系统错误的敏感性要低得多。鉴于该物种的分散能力有限，将以很小的储备（约100 m宽）实现渔业产量方面的最佳结果，从而使可捕捞区域的幼体出口最大化。我们的结果表明，经过适当设计的MR网络是在不确定性条件下满足保护和经济目标的有效策略。尽管尚蒂瓦岛的现有保护区规模足以保护鲍鱼种群，但较小的保护区可最大限度地提高渔业效益，尽管这对执法构成了挑战。

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