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首页> 外文期刊>Medical image analysis >2D-3D shape reconstruction of the distal femur from stereo X-ray imaging using statistical shape models.
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2D-3D shape reconstruction of the distal femur from stereo X-ray imaging using statistical shape models.

机译：使用统计形状模型通过立体X射线成像对股骨远端进行2D-3D形状重建。

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摘要

Three-dimensional patient specific bone models are required in a range of medical applications, such as pre-operative surgery planning and improved guidance during surgery, modeling and simulation, and in vivo bone motion tracking. Shape reconstruction from a small number of X-ray images is desired as it lowers both the acquisition costs and the radiation dose compared to CT. We propose a method for pose estimation and shape reconstruction of 3D bone surfaces from two (or more) calibrated X-ray images using a statistical shape model (SSM). User interaction is limited to manual initialization of the mean shape. The proposed method combines a 3D distance based objective function with automatic edge selection on a Canny edge map. Landmark-edge correspondences are weighted based on the orientation difference of the projected silhouette and the corresponding image edge. The method was evaluated by rigid pose estimation of ground truth shapes as well as 3D shape estimation using a SSM of the whole femur, from stereo cadaver X-rays, in vivo biplane fluoroscopy image-pairs, and an in vivo biplane fluoroscopic sequence. Ground truth shapes for all experiments were available in the form of CT segmentations. Rigid registration of the ground truth shape to the biplane fluoroscopy achieved sub-millimeter accuracy (0.68mm) measured as root mean squared (RMS) point-to-surface (P2S) distance. The non-rigid reconstruction from the biplane fluoroscopy using the SSM also showed promising results (1.68mm RMS P2S). A feasibility study on one fluoroscopic time series illustrates the potential of the method for motion and shape estimation from fluoroscopic sequences with minimal user interaction.
机译：在一系列医疗应用中需要三维患者专用骨骼模型，例如术前手术计划以及在手术，建模和仿真以及体内骨骼运动跟踪中的改进指导。希望从少量的X射线图像中重建形状，因为与CT相比，它既可以降低采集成本，又可以降低辐射剂量。我们提出了一种使用统计形状模型（SSM）从两个（或更多个）校准的X射线图像对3D骨表面进行姿势估计和形状重构的方法。用户交互仅限于手动初始化均值形状。所提出的方法将基于3D距离的目标函数与Canny边缘图上的自动边缘选择相结合。基于投影轮廓和相应图像边缘的方向差异对地标边缘对应进行加权。通过对地面真实形状的刚性姿势估计以及使用整个股骨的SSM的3D形状估计（通过立体尸体X射线，体内双平面透视图像对和体内双平面透视序列）对方法进行评估。所有实验的地面真相形状都可以CT分割的形式获得。地面真相形状在双平面荧光检查中的刚性配准实现了以毫米均方根（RMS）点到表面（P2S）距离测量的亚毫米精度（0.68mm）。使用SSM的双平面透视技术进行的非刚性重建也显示出令人鼓舞的结果（1.68mm RMS P2S）。对一个荧光透视时间序列的可行性研究表明，利用荧光透视序列以最少的用户交互进行运动和形状估计的方法的潜力。

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