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首页> 外文期刊>Maternal & child nutrition >Cross-sectional survey shows that follow-up formula and growing-up milks are labelled similarly to infant formula in four low and middle income countries
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Cross-sectional survey shows that follow-up formula and growing-up milks are labelled similarly to infant formula in four low and middle income countries

机译：横断面调查显示，在四个低收入和中等收入国家中，后续配方奶粉和成长型牛奶的标签与婴儿配方奶粉相似

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摘要

This cross-sectional survey assessed the characteristics of labels of follow-up formula (FUF) and growing-up milk (GUM) compared with infant formula (IF), including cross-promotion practices between FUF/GUM and IF manufactured by the same company, sold in Phnom Penh, Cambodia; Kathmandu Valley, Nepal; Dakar Department, Senegal; and Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. All products were imported. A wide recommended age/age range for introduction was provided by manufacturers across all sites, with products with an age recommendation of 0-6months being most prevalent in three sites, representing over a third of all products. Various age categories (e.g. 1, 1+ and Stage 1) commonly appeared on labels. A number of descriptive names (e.g. infant formula and milk formula) per category of age of introduction were used with some appearing across more than one category. Images of feeding bottles were found on most labels across all age categories, but prevalence decreased with older age categories. The majority of FUF/GUM manufactured by IF companies across all sites displayed at least one example of cross-promotion with one or more of the company's IF: two-thirds or more contained similar colour schemes/designs and similar brand names; 20-85% had similar slogans/mascots/symbols. A wide and potentially confusing range of ages/categories of introduction and descriptive names were found, and cross-promotion with IF was common on FUF/GUM labels. Global guidance from normative bodies forms the basis of most low and middle income countries policies and should provide specific guidance to prohibit cross-promotion between FUF/GUM and IF, and all three categories should be classified as breastmilk substitutes.
机译：这项横断面调查评估了后续配方食品（FUF）和成年牛奶（GUM）与婴儿配方食品（IF）的标签特性，包括同一公司生产的FUF / GUM和IF之间的交叉促销做法，在柬埔寨金边出售;尼泊尔加德满都谷地;塞内加尔达喀尔部门;和坦桑尼亚的达累斯萨拉姆。所有产品均进口。制造商在所有站点上都提供了广泛的建议使用年龄/年龄范围，其中三个站点上最普遍使用0-6个月建议的产品，占所有产品的三分之一。标签上通常会出现各种年龄类别（例如1、1+和1期）。每个介绍年龄类别使用了许多描述性名称（例如婴儿配方食品和牛奶配方食品），其中一些名称出现在一个以上的类别中。在所有年龄段的大多数标签上都可以找到奶瓶的图像，但是随着年龄段的增长，患病率会下降。 IF公司在所有站点上制造的大多数FUF / GUM都展示了至少一个与该公司的一个或多个IF交叉促销的例子：三分之二或更多包含相似的配色方案/设计和相似的品牌名称; 20-85％的口号/吉祥物/符号相似。人们发现介绍和描述性名称的年龄/类别存在广泛且可能令人困惑的范围，并且在FUF / GUM标签上与IF交叉促销很普遍。规范机构的全球指南构成了大多数低收入和中等收入国家政策的基础，并应提供具体指导以禁止FUF / GUM与IF之间的交叉促销，所有这三类都应归类为母乳替代品。

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