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Comparison of body-surface proteolytic activity of live and dead honey bee Apis mellifera workers

机译:活蜂和死蜂Apis mellifera工人的体表蛋白水解活性比较

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Proteolytic enzymes (proteases) participate in intracellular protein digestion and such biological processes as: zymogen activation, the release of hormones and physiologically active proteins from their precursors, translocation through membranes, protein compound ordering and receptor activation (2). Proteases and protease inhibitors are active in the alimentary duct, haemolymph, moult liquid, venom and cuticle of bees (2, 4, 7, 16). To date, serine, cysteine, aspartic and metallic proteases have been found in bees. The protein layer on their body surface is meant to protect the organism from pathogen invasion (7, 17). The patternof proteolysis on the body surface of honeybees is influenced by such factors as: the developmental stage, caste, environmental pollution, chemioacaricides, cage/ beehive habitat and even dietary supplements containing the low-molecular epigenetic switch(11,15,16,17). Proteolysis primarily takes place in living organisms during metabolic processes. These processes stop in dead organisms and saprotrophs attack the body.
机译:蛋白水解酶(蛋白酶)参与细胞内蛋白质的消化,并参与以下生物过程:酶原活化,激素和生理活性蛋白质从其前体的释放,通过膜的转运,蛋白质化合物的有序化和受体活化(2)。蛋白酶和蛋白酶抑制剂在蜜蜂的消化道,血淋巴,蜕皮液,毒液和表皮中有活性(2、4、7、16)。迄今为止,已经在蜜蜂中发现了丝氨酸,半胱氨酸,天冬氨酸和金属蛋白酶。它们身体表面的蛋白质层旨在保护生物体免受病原体入侵(7、17)。蜜蜂身体表面的蛋白水解模式受以下因素影响:发育阶段,种姓,环境污染,化学杀螨剂,笼/蜂箱栖息地以及甚至含有低分子表观遗传转换的膳食补充剂(11,15,16,17 )。蛋白水解主要发生在代谢过程中的生物体中。这些过程停止在死亡的生物体中,腐臭菌攻击人体。

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