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Numerical analyses of fault-foundation interaction

机译：断层-基础相互作用的数值分析

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Field evidence from recent earthquakes has shown that structures can be designed to survive major surface dislocations. This paper: (i) Describes three different finite element (FE) methods of analysis, that were developed to simulate dip slip fault rupture propagation through soil and its interaction with foundation-structure systems; (ii) Validates the developed FE methodologies against centrifuge model tests that were conducted at the University of Dundee, Scotland; and (iii) Utilises one of these analysis methods to conduct a short parametric study on the interaction of idealised 2- and 5-story residential structures lying on slab foundations subjected to normal fault rupture. The comparison between numerical and centrifuge model test results shows that reliable predictions can be achieved with reasonably sophisticated constitutive soil models that take account of soil softening after failure. A prerequisite is an adequately refined FE mesh, combined with interface elements with tension cut-off between the soil and the structure. The results of the parametric study reveal that the increase of the surcharge load q of the structure leads to larger fault rupture diversion and "smoothing" of the settlement profile, allowing reduction of its stressing. Soil compliance is shown to be beneficial to the stressing of a structure. For a given soil depth H and imposed dislocation h, the rotation Delta theta of the structure is shown to be a function of: (a) its location relative to the fault rupture; (b) the surcharge load q; and (c) soil compliance.
机译：最近地震的现场证据表明，可以设计结构以抵抗主要的表面错位。本文：（i）描述了三种不同的有限元（FE）分析方法，这些方法用于模拟倾滑断层破裂在土壤中的传播及其与地基-结构系统的相互作用。 （ii）验证在苏格兰邓迪大学进行的针对离心机模型测试的有限元方法学; （iii）使用其中一种分析方法，对处于正常断层破裂条件下位于平板基础上的理想2层和5层住宅结构的相互作用进行简短的参数研究。数值模型和离心模型测试结果之间的比较表明，考虑到破坏后土壤的软化，可以使用相当复杂的本构土壤模型来获得可靠的预测。先决条件是充分精制的有限元网格，结合界面元素，并在土壤和结构之间切断张力。参数研究的结果表明，结构的附加载荷q的增加导致较大的断层转向和沉降剖面的“平滑”，从而减小了应力。结果表明，土壤顺应性有利于结构受力。对于给定的土壤深度H和施加的位错h，该结构的旋转Delta theta显示为以下函数：（a）相对于断层破裂的位置; （b）附加负荷q; （c）土壤合规性。

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