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Seismic responses of a large underground structure in liquefied soils by FEM numerical modelling

机译：液化土壤中大型地下结构地震响应的有限元数值模拟

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摘要

A large underground subway structure could be severely damaged in a strong earthquake, such as the seismic damages of Daikai subway station in the 1995 Kobe earthquake. After the 1995 Kobe earthquake, the effects of earthquakes on underground structure became a hot topic. According to the seismic damage characteristics of the pipelines buried in the liquefiable soils, a large underground structure may be damaged ever more severely by the liquefaction. To examine the dynamic properties of saturated liquefiable soil, an existed constitutive model is revised and implanted into the commercial FEM software. Then the nonlinear seismic responses of large underground subway structures built in liquefiable soils are analyzed by a numerical modeling. The results of the comprehensive numerical analysis indicate that the existing subway station has a significant effect on the liquefaction of the nearby soils that are likely to be liquefied. The around sand soils under the suggested depth 20 m may be also liquefied under the influence of the large subway station, which should be non-liquefiable sand in many related codes of China. The subway station floats up as soon as the nearby soils are liquefied, and the soils accordingly flow from the lateral foundation to the bottom foundation of the subway station. It is also found that the floating of the subway station is completely out of sync in the main vibration stage of the inputted ground motions and the rising stage of the pore pressure, and it also lags behind in the main vibration stage for a considerable time and begins to stabilize only when the vibration weakens sharply and is close to zero. Generally, the dynamic softening soils under the subway station also have great effect on the seismic response of the large subway station.
机译：大型地下地铁结构在强烈地震中可能会受到严重破坏，例如1995年神户大地震中的大开地铁站受到地震的破坏。 1995年神户大地震之后，地震对地下结构的影响成为热门话题。根据埋在可液化土壤中的管道的地震破坏特征，液化可能会严重破坏大型地下结构。为了检查饱和液化土的动力特性，修改了现有的本构模型并将其植入到商业有限元软件中。然后，通过数值模型分析了在液化土壤中建造的大型地下地铁结构的非线性地震响应。综合数值分析的结果表明，现有的地铁站对附近可能被液化的土壤的液化有很大的影响。建议的深度20 m以下的周围砂土也可能在大型地铁站的影响下被液化，在中国许多相关法规中，这些砂土应为非液化砂。一旦附近的土壤液化，地铁站就会浮起来，土壤便会从地铁站的侧向基础流到底部基础。还发现，地铁站的漂浮在输入地面运动的主振动阶段和孔隙压力的上升阶段完全不同步，并且在主振动阶段也滞后了相当长的时间，仅当振动急剧减弱并接近零时才开始稳定。通常，地铁站下方的动态软化土对大型地铁站的地震响应也有很大影响。

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