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Seismic behaviour of traditional timber frame walls: experimental results on unreinforced walls

机译：传统木框墙的抗震性能：无筋墙的实验结果

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摘要

Timber frame buildings are well known as an efficient seismic resistant structure and they are used worldwide. Moreover, they have been specifically adopted in codes and regulations during the XVIII and XIX centuries in the Mediterranean area. These structures generally consist of exterior masonry walls with timber elements embedded which tie the walls together and internal walls which have a timber frame with masonry infill and act as shear walls. In order to preserve these structures which characterize many cities in the world it is important to better understand their behaviour under seismic actions. Furthermore, historic technologies could be used even in modern constructions to build seismic resistant buildings using more natural materials with lesser costs. Generally, different types of infill could be applied to timber frame walls depending on the country, among which brick masonry, rubble masonry, hay and mud. The focus of this paper is to study the seismic behaviour of the walls considering different types of infill, specifically: masonry infill, lath and plaster and timber frame with no infill. Static cyclic tests have been performed on unreinforced timber frame walls in order to study their seismic capacity in terms of strength, stiffness, ductility and energy dissipation. The tests showed how in the unreinforced condition, the infill is able to guarantee a greater stiffness, ductility and ultimate capacity of the wall.
机译：木构架建筑物是众所周知的高效抗震结构，并且在世界范围内得到使用。此外，在十八世纪和十九世纪的地中海地区，它们已在法规中特别采用。这些结构通常由外墙砌筑而成，内墙嵌有将墙连接在一起的木材元素，而内墙则有内墙，后者带有木框，内有砖石填充物并用作剪力墙。为了保护这些具有世界许多城市特征的建筑物，重要的是更好地了解其在地震作用下的行为。此外，即使在现代建筑中，也可以使用历史性技术来使用更多天然材料以更低的成本建造抗震建筑物。通常，根据国家的不同，可以将不同类型的填充物应用于木框墙，其中包括砖石，碎石，干草和泥浆。本文的重点是研究考虑不同填充类型的墙体的抗震性能，特别是：砖石填充，板条和灰泥以及无填充的木构架。为了在强度，刚度，延展性和能量耗散方面研究其抗震能力，已经对未加固的木框架墙进行了静态循环测试。测试表明，在未加固的情况下，填充物如何能够确保墙体具有更大的刚度，延展性和极限承载力。

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