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首页> 外文期刊>Bulletin of earthquake engineering >Tsunami damage to coastal defences and buildings in the March 11th 2011 M_w9.0 Great East Japan earthquake and tsunami
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Tsunami damage to coastal defences and buildings in the March 11th 2011 M_w9.0 Great East Japan earthquake and tsunami

机译：2011年3月11日M_w9.0日本东部大地震和海啸对海防设施和建筑物造成的海啸破坏

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摘要

On March 11th 2011 a M_w9. 0 mega-thrust interface subduction earthquake, the Great East Japan Earthquake, occurred 130 km off the northeast coast of Japan in the Pacific Ocean at the Japan Trench, triggering tsunami which caused damage along 600 km of coastline. Observations of damage to buildings (including vertical evacuation facilities) and coastal defences in Tōhoku are presented following investigation by the Earthquake Engineering Field Investigation Team (EEFIT) at 10 locations in Iwate and Miyagi Prefectures. Observations are presented in the context of the coastal setting and tsunami characteristics experienced at each location. Damage surveys were carried out in Kamaishi City and Kesennuma City using a damage scale for reinforced concrete (RC), timber and steel frame buildings adapted from an earlier EEFIT tsunami damage scale. Observations show that many sea walls and breakwaters were overtopped, overturned, or broken up, but provided some degree of protection. We show the extreme variability of damage in a local area due to inundation depth, flow direction, velocity variations and sheltering. Survival of many RC shear wall structures shows their high potential to withstand local earthquake and significant tsunami inundation but further research is required into mitigation of scour, liquefaction, debris impact, and the prevention of overturning failure. Damage to steel and timber buildings are also discussed. These observations are intended to contribute to mitigation of future earthquake and tsunami damage by highlighting the key features which influence damage level and local variability of damage sustained by urban coastal infrastructure when subjected to extreme tsunami inundation depths.
机译：在2011年3月11日，M_w9。在日本海沟，距太平洋东北部130公里处的日本东北海域发生了0次特大推力界面俯冲地震，即东日本大地震，引发了海啸，对600公里海岸线造成了破坏。在地震工程现场调查小组（EEFIT）在岩手县和宫城县的10个地点进行调查之后，介绍了东北地区对建筑物（包括垂直疏散设施）和沿海防御设施的破坏情况。观测结果是在沿海环境和每个地点经历的海啸特征的背景下提出的。在釜石市和气仙沼市进行了损害调查，使用的钢筋混凝土（RC），木材和钢架建筑的损伤等级采用了早期的EEFIT海啸损伤等级。观察表明，许多海堤和防波堤都被翻倒，翻倒或破坏，但提供了一定程度的保护。我们显示了由于淹没深度，流向，速度变化和遮挡而导致的局部破坏的极端可变性。许多钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构的生存能力表明它们具有承受局部地震和海啸的巨大潜力，但仍需要进一步研究以减轻冲刷，液化，碎屑撞击和防止倾覆破坏。还讨论了对钢和木材建筑物的损坏。这些观察旨在通过强调影响极端沿海海啸淹没深度时影响沿海沿海基础设施的破坏程度和局部变化的关键特征，从而有助于减轻未来的地震和海啸破坏。

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