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Structure-function correlation of micro1 for micromere specification in sea urchin embryos

机译：micro1的结构-功能相关性，用于海胆胚胎中的微米规格

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The micromeres of sea urchin embryos have two functions: to promote the autonomous differentiation of skeletogenic cells and to induce endomesodermal tissues. Micromere specification is controlled by a double-repression gate consisting of two repressors, Pmar1 and HesC. Micro1/pmar1 encodes a transcriptional repressor with a paired-type N-terminal homeodomain and two C-terminal serine-rich repeats, each of which includes a sequence similar to engrailed homology region 1, which interacts with the co-repressor Groucho. To understand the molecular mechanisms of the double-repression gate, we examined the correlation between the structure and function of micro1. Phenotypic and gene expression pattern analyses of embryos injected with mutated micro1 mRNA revealed that micro1 consists of five functional domain and motifs; namely, a DNA-binding homeodomain, a nuclear localization signal in the C-terminal flanking region of the homeodomain, and two eh1-like motifs plus a short C-terminal stretch that together mediate transcriptional repression. Our data suggest that micro1 represses target genes, including hesC, via two redundant means: its eh1-like and C-terminal motifs. The C-terminal motif requires unidentified sequences for micro1 function; a micro1 mutant with the motif but lacking the unidentified sequences failed to trigger the double-repression gate for early micromere regulatory genes, except for delta, though it did repress hesC. Our results suggest that the spatial regulation of primary mesenchyme cell specification genes, including tbr, alx1, and ets1, may be different from that of delta.
机译：海胆胚胎的微粒具有两个功能：促进骨骼生成细胞的自主分化和诱导内胚层组织。 Micromere规范由双压限门控制，该压限门由两个压限器Pmar1和HesC组成。 Micro1 / pmar1编码具有配对型N端同源结构域和两个C端富含丝氨酸的重复序列的转录阻遏物，每个重复序列都包含一个与进化同源区1相似的序列，与共同阻遏物Groucho相互作用。为了了解双阻性门的分子机制，我们研究了micro1的结构与功能之间的相关性。注射了突变的micro1 mRNA的胚胎的表型和基因表达模式分析表明，micro1由五个功能域和基序组成。即，DNA结合同源域，同源域的C端侧翼区域中的核定位信号和两个eh1样基元加上一个短的C端延伸，共同介导转录抑制。我们的数据表明，micro1通过两种冗余方式抑制目标基因，包括hesC：其eh1样和C端基序。 C端基序需要micro1功能的未知序列;一个带有基序但缺乏未知序列的micro1突变体尽管能抑制hesC，但不能触发除delta以外的早期微生物调控基因的双重抑制门。我们的研究结果表明，包括tbr，alx1和ets1在内的主要间充质细胞规格基因的空间调控可能与δ变化。

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