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Watershed approach to evaluating impacts of abandoned mines in the Bear Butte Creek basin of the Black Hills

机译：评价黑山贝尔特比特克里克盆地废弃矿山影响的分水岭方法

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摘要

This project took a watershed approach in the evaluation of water-quality impacts from past mining activities and current restoration projects in the Bear Butte Creek basin, a small and well-defined drainage in a heavily mined area of the northern Black Hills. The basin contains numerous inactive and abandoned mines, as well as a heap-leach surface gold mine. Bear Butte Creek normally loses all of its discharge to sinkholes in the Madison Limestone aquifer. Thus, it can affect the water quality of this regionally important water resource. Water-quality data were analyzed, stream surveys were conducted and two abandoned-mine restortion projects were monitored to evaluate the effectiveness of the watershed approach and to identify practical remediation techniques that could be applied to other watersheds. A geographic information system (GIS) was developed to organize information on stream quality, abandoned mine locations, and other geologic and hydrologic data. The watershed approach toward assessing and reclaiming abandoned mines appears to be effective when compared to a point-source approach that might improve water quality at specific sites but not result in significant overall improvement to the watershed because of adjacent sources.
机译：该项目采用分水岭方法来评估过去的采矿活动和Bear Butte Creek盆地目前的修复项目对水质的影响，Bear Butte Creek盆地是Black Hills北部重矿区的一个小且轮廓分明的排水系统。该盆地包含许多不活跃和被遗弃的地雷，以及堆浸地表金矿。熊巴特克里克通常会将其所有排放物流失至麦迪逊石灰岩含水层中的污水坑中。因此，它可能会影响该地区重要水资源的水质。分析了水质数据，进行了河流调查，并监测了两个废弃的矿山修复项目，以评估流域方法的有效性，并确定可应用于其他流域的实际修复技术。开发了地理信息系统（GIS），以组织有关溪流质量，废弃矿山位置以及其他地质和水文数据的信息。与点源方法相比，分水岭方法用于评估和回收废弃的地雷似乎是有效的，点源方法可能会改善特定地点的水质，但由于邻近水源而不会导致分水岭的整体改善。

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