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首页> 外文期刊>Middle Eastern and Russian Journal of Plant Science and Biotechnology >Onion Cultivation and Production in Iran
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Onion Cultivation and Production in Iran

机译：伊朗的洋葱栽培与生产

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Native onion cultivars have been cultivated in many regions of Iran. Therefore this plant has numerous genetic, biological, and morphological variations. These variations have led to different reactions under various cultivation conditions in naturaland experimental environments (both field and in vitro). Among onion diseases, root and crown rot caused by Fusarium oxysporumf.sp. cepa, is considered an important rungal disease. Hyletnya antiqua and Thrips tabaci are common pests of onions in spring and autumn cultivation. The main ways of protection against them is by using fungicide and insecticide. For eliminating weeds, Iranian farmers use two systems: mechanical and chemical. A combination of two herbicides axonal (Total~R) and oxadiazon (Ronstar~R) had good results for control of both broad-leal and grassy weeds. But recently the herbicide Goal~R alone has shown good control in the elimination of all weeds in the transplanting period. The majority of Iranian onion cultivars have a pungent taste, but foreign cultivars cultivated in Iran are sweeter. Unions shell lite is short to moderate, thus onion is a strategic plant in Iran. Related to this, a reduction in the number of onions has occasionally been noted in Iranian markets at the end of winter, and recent studies for increasing shelf life have been conducted in Iran to select and increase potassium fertilizers to assess the effect on postharvest quality. Onion consumption is approximately 16 kg per person. Unions are cultivated on 49,957ha in Iran. The average yield of bulb onion in the irrigation zone is 34,254 kg/ha. One of the main purposes ot onion research in Iran is to produce cultivars and hybrids with increased quality and yield.
机译：伊朗的许多地区都种植了本地洋葱品种。因此，这种植物具有众多的遗传，生物学和形态学变异。这些变化导致在自然和实验环境（田间和体外）的各种栽培条件下产生不同的反应。在洋葱疾病中，由尖孢镰刀菌引起的根腐病和冠腐病。 cepa，被认为是一种重要的Rungal疾病。 Hyletnya antiqua和Thrips tabaci是春季和秋季栽培中常见的洋葱害虫。预防它们​​的主要方法是使用杀真菌剂和杀虫剂。为了消除杂草，伊朗农民使用了两种系统：机械系统和化学系统。两种除草剂轴突（Total〜R）和奥沙地松（Ronstar〜R）的组合对阔叶杂草和草类杂草都有很好的防治效果。但是最近，仅除草剂Goal〜R在移栽期就已显示出对消除所有杂草的良好控制。伊朗的大多数洋葱品种具有刺激性的味道，但在伊朗种植的外国品种更甜。工会的贝壳精短至中等，因此洋葱是伊朗的战略工厂。与此相关的是，冬季结束时在伊朗市场上偶尔会注意到洋葱数量的减少，最近在伊朗进行了增加保质期的研究，以选择和增加钾肥以评估对收获后质量的影响。每人洋葱消费量约为16公斤。工会在伊朗49,957公顷的土地上耕种。灌溉区鳞茎洋葱的平均产量为34254公斤/公顷。伊朗洋葱研究的主要目的之一是生产具有更高质量和更高产量的品种和杂交种。

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