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Selective attention and response set in the Stroop task

机译：Stroop任务中设置的选择性注意和响应

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摘要

Response set membership contributes much to the interference in the color-word Stroop task. This may be due to selective allocation of attention to eligible responses or, alternatively, to greater inhibition of distractors that are not responses. In the present article, we report two experiments that were designed to adjudicate between these accounts. In Experiment 1, membership was manipulated on a trial-by-trial basis by cuing the possible responses for each trial. Response time (RT) was longer for distractors that corresponded to a cued, eligible response than to an ineligible one. This cuing effect was independent of the number of different responses. In Experiment 2, the distractor was cued on half the trials. Cuing the distractor decreased RTs on both incongruent and congruent trials. Vincentile analyses in both experiments revealed that the effects were constant throughout the entire RT distributions. These results suggest that response set effects arise because of selective allocation of attention to eligible responses.
机译：响应集成员资格对色词Stroop任务中的干扰有很大贡献。这可能是由于选择性地将注意力分配给合格的响应，或者是由于更大程度地抑制了非响应的干扰物。在本文中，我们报告了旨在对这些帐户进行裁定的两个实验。在实验1中，通过提示每个试验可能的响应，在逐个试验的基础上操纵成员资格。与提示的，合格的响应相对应的干扰项的响应时间（RT）较长，而与不合格的响应相对。这种提示效果与不同响应的数量无关。在实验2中，只有一半的试验提示了牵张器。提示在不相符和相符的试验中，牵张器均会降低RT。在两个实验中的Vincentile分析表明，在整个RT分布中，作用是恒定的。这些结果表明，由于有选择地将注意力分配给合格的响应，因此会产生响应集效应。

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