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In vitro cell migration and invasion assays

机译:体外细胞迁移和侵袭试验

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Determining the migratory and invasive capacity of tumor and stromal cells and clarifying the underlying mechanisms is most relevant for novel strategies in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, drug development and treatment. Here we shortly summarize the different modes of cell travelling and review in vitro methods, which can be used to evaluate migration and invasion. We provide a concise summary of established migration/invasion assays described in the literature, list advantages, limitations and drawbacks, give a tabular overview for convenience and depict the basic principles of the assays graphically. In many cases particular research problems and specific cell types do not leave a choice for a broad variety of usable assays. However, for most standard applications using adherent cells, based on our experience we suggest to use exclusion zone assays to evaluate migration/invasion. We substantiate our choice by demonstrating that the advantages outbalance the drawbacks e.g. the simple setup, the easy readout, the kinetic analysis, the evaluation of cell morphology and the feasibility to perform the assay with standard laboratory equipment. Finally, innovative 3D migration and invasion models including heterotypic cell interactions are discussed. These methods recapitulate the in vivo situation most closely. Results obtained with these assays have already shed new light on cancer cell spreading and potentially will uncover unknown mechanisms.
机译:确定肿瘤和基质细胞的迁移和侵袭能力并阐明其潜在机制与癌症诊断,预后,药物开发和治疗中的新策略最相关。在这里,我们简短地总结了细胞迁移的不同模式并回顾了体外方法,这些方法可用于评估迁移和侵袭。我们提供了文献中描述的已建立的迁移/入侵检测方法的简要概述,列出了优点,限制和缺点,为方便起见提供了表格概览,并以图形方式描述了检测方法的基本原理。在许多情况下,特定的研究问题和特定的细胞类型并没有为多种可用的测定方法选择。但是,对于大多数使用贴壁细胞的标准应用,根据我们的经验,我们建议使用排除区分析法评估迁移/侵袭。我们通过证明优势胜于劣势来证明我们的选择,例如简单的设置,简便的读数,动力学分析,细胞形态评估以及使用标准实验室设备进行测定的可行性。最后,讨论了创新的3D迁移和入侵模型,包括异型细胞相互作用。这些方法最紧密地概括了体内情况。这些测定所获得的结果已经为癌细胞扩散提供了新的思路,并有可能揭示未知的机制。

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