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首页> 外文期刊>Behavioral Ecology >Extreme polygyny among southern elephant seals on Sea Lion Island, Falkland Islands
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Extreme polygyny among southern elephant seals on Sea Lion Island, Falkland Islands

机译：福克兰群岛海狮岛上的南象海豹中的极端一夫多妻制

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摘要

Elephant seals are known from long-term behavioral studies to be highly polygynous and to show high variance in reproductive success among males. However, genetic studies have determined that the level of polygyny varies between the closely related northern and southern elephant seals. In the present study, we investigate paternal success at the Sea Lion Island southern elephant seal colony in the Falkland Islands by using both behavioral measures and genetic markers. We find that the average success of harem holding males at Sea Lion Island is significantly higher than both the northern species and the nearby southern elephant seal population at Punta Delgada. We compare genetic paternity with various behavioral indices of male mating success, and we find that the behavioral measures provide a good estimate of the variance in male reproductive success. Only 28.2% of males achieved paternities, and among these, harem holders accounted for 89.6%. We discuss the implications of our results in the context of the demographic and physical environment. Specifically, a comparatively high variance in resource holding potential among males, differences in male social behavior, and a small tidal cycle limiting peripheral male access during female departure from the harem at this colony may be important factors leading to the comparatively high variance in male reproductive success at Sea Lion Island.
机译：长期的行为研究表明，海象具有高度的多性，并且在雄性之间显示出很高的繁殖成功率。然而，遗传研究已经确定，在近缘的北部和南部象海豹之间，一夫多妻制的水平有所不同。在本研究中，我们通过使用行为指标和遗传标记来调查福克兰群岛海狮岛南部象海豹种群的父本成功。我们发现，在海狮岛举行后宫饲养的雄性的平均成功率显着高于蓬塔德尔加达的北部物种和附近的南部海象种群。我们将遗传亲权与雄性交配成功的各种行为指标进行了比较，我们发现这些行为指标为雄性生殖成功的方差提供了一个很好的估计。男性中只有28.2％的人有过性行为，其中，后宫者占89.6％。我们在人口和自然环境的背景下讨论了结果的含义。具体而言，在该种群中，男性之间资源持有潜力的较高差异，男性社会行为的差异以及潮汐周期较小，限制了女性从该后宫离开后宫时外围男性的出入，这可能是导致男性生殖方面差异较大的重要因素在海狮岛取得成功。

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