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首页> 外文期刊>Mycologia >Diversity of Diaporthe species associated with wood cankers of fruit and nut crops in northern California
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Diversity of Diaporthe species associated with wood cankers of fruit and nut crops in northern California

机译：加利福尼亚州北部与水果和坚果类作物的木材溃疡相关的Diaporthe物种的多样性

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摘要

Diaporthe ampelina, causal agent of Phomopsis cane and leaf spot of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is isolated frequently from grapevine wood cankers, causing Phomopsis dieback. The latter disease is associated with four other Diaporthe species, three of which also are reported from hosts other than grape. To better understand the role of this Diaporthe community in Phomopsis dieback of grapevine and the potential for infection routes among alternate hosts, 76 Diaporthe isolates were recovered from wood cankers of cultivated grape, pear, apricot, almond and the wild host willow in four California counties. Isolates were characterized morphologically and assigned to species based on multigene sequence analyses. This study identified eight Diaporthe species from grapevine and one novel taxon from willow, D. benedicti. We report the first findings of D. australafricana and D. novem in North America. Our findings also expand the host ranges of D. ambigua to apricot and willow, D. australafricana to almond and willow, D. chamaeropis to grapevine and willow, D. foeniculina to willow and D. novem to almond. The generalists D. ambigua and D. eres were the most genetically diverse species, based on high nucleotide and haplotypic diversity, followed by the grapevine specialist D. ampelina. Analyses based on multilocus linkage disequilibrium could not reject the hypothesis of random mating for D. ambigua, which is further supported by relatively high haplotypic diversity, reports of both mating types and reports of successful matings in vitro. Pathogenicity assays revealed that D. ampelina was the most pathogenic species to grapevine wood.
机译：Diaphohe ampelina是茎线虫的病原体和葡萄叶斑病（Vitis vinifera L.）经常与葡萄木腐烂病隔离，导致磷菌死亡。后一种疾病与其他4个Diaporthe物种有关，其中3个也来自葡萄以外的寄主。为了更好地了解该Diaporthe群落在葡萄枯萎病菌枯死中的作用以及替代寄主之间的感染途径的潜在性，从加利福尼亚四个县的栽培葡萄，梨，杏，杏仁和野生寄柳的木wood中回收了76个Diaporthe分离株。对分离物进行形态学表征，并根据多基因序列分析将其分配给物种。这项研究从葡萄中鉴定出8种Diaporthe物种，从柳树D. benedicti中鉴定出一种新的分类单元。我们报告了D. australafricana和D. novem在北美的第一个发现。我们的发现还将寄主范围从D. ambigua到杏和柳树，D. australafricana到杏仁和柳树，D. chamaeropis到葡萄树和柳树，D. foeniculina到柳树和D. novem到杏仁。基于高核苷酸和单体型多样性，多面手D. ambigua和D. eres是遗传上最多样化的物种，其次是葡萄专家D. ampelina。基于多位点连锁不平衡的分析不能拒绝D. ambigua随机交配的假说，该假设还得到相对较高的单倍型多样性，既有交配类型的报道，又有在体外成功交配的报道。致病性分析表明，D。ampelina是葡萄木材中最具致病性的物种。

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