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首页> 外文期刊>Mycologia >Identification and pathogenicity of Botryosphaeriaceae species associated with coast live oak (Quercus agrifolia) decline in southern California
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Identification and pathogenicity of Botryosphaeriaceae species associated with coast live oak (Quercus agrifolia) decline in southern California

机译：与加利福尼亚南部沿海橡树栎（Quercus agrifolia）衰退相关的灰霉菌物种的鉴定和致病性

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Symptoms of decline have been observed on dying coast live oak (Quercus agrifolia) trees in areas throughout southern California that are both infested and uninfested by the gold-spotted oak borer (GSOB). The purpose of this study was to identify and assess the pathogenicity of several anamorph species of the Botryosphaeriaceae, including Diplodia corticola, Dothiorella iberica and Diplodia agrifolia sp. nov., that were recovered consistently from symptomatic tissues. Species were identified morphologically and by phylogenetic analyses of the complete sequence of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of the rDNA and partial sequences of beta-tubulin and elongation factor (EF1-alpha) genes. Results from morphological assessments and phylogenetic analyses support the erection of a new species closely related to D. mutila, described herein as Diplodia agrifolia sp. nov. Pathogenicity of all species was verified by wound inoculation of 1 y old coast live oak seedlings under controlled conditions. Isolates of D. corticola were the most aggressive tested, and isolates of D. agrifolia were the second most aggressive. Both species caused bleeding symptoms on inoculated seedlings. Seedlings inoculated with D. corticola died within 4 wk, with the pathogen progressing up and down through the xylem in advance of living phloem and moving throughout the taproot in 70% of inoculated seedlings. Colonization and re-isolation was successful for all species. All three fungal species represent newly recorded fungal pathogens of coast live oak in California. Results from the pathogenicity test suggest that these fungi play a role in the decline of coast live oaks throughout southern California.
机译：在加利福尼亚州南部整个地区垂死的沿海活橡树（栎木）上都观察到了下降的症状，这些树木都受到斑点金oak虫（GSOB）的侵染和未侵染。这项研究的目的是鉴定和评估灰霉菌的几种无性型物种的致病性，包括皮质双翅类，纤毛杜鹃和农用双孢种。十一月，那是从症状组织一致地恢复。通过形态和通过系统进化分析对rDNA内部转录间隔区（ITS）的完整序列以及β-微管蛋白和延伸因子（EF1-alpha）基因的部分序列进行鉴定。形态学评估和系统发育分析的结果支持竖立与D. mutila密切相关的新物种的形成，在本文中称为Diplodia agrifolia sp.。十一月通过在受控条件下伤口接种1年生的沿海橡树幼苗来验证所有物种的致病性。 D. corticola的分离物是最具攻击性的测试，而D. agrifolia的分离物是第二强的。两种物种都导致接种苗的出血症状。接种D. corticola的幼苗在4周内死亡，病原体在活韧皮部之前通过木质部上下移动，并在70％的接种幼苗中遍及主根。定居和重新隔离对所有物种都是成功的。这三种真菌均代表了加利福尼亚沿海橡树的新记录真菌病原体。致病性测试的结果表明，这些真菌在整个加利福尼亚南部沿海沿用橡树的衰退中发挥了作用。

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