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首页> 外文期刊>Mycologia >COMPARATIVE GROWTH, MORPHOLOGY, AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THREE SCLEROTIUM SPECIES
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COMPARATIVE GROWTH, MORPHOLOGY, AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THREE SCLEROTIUM SPECIES

机译：三种菌落的比较生长，形态和生理

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摘要

Isolates of S. coffeicola, S. delphinii and S. rolfsii from diverse geographical areas were compared for differences in morphology (colony characteristics and sclerotial formation), growth response to different temperatures and media (radial growth, dry weight and sclerotial production), and ability to produce oxalic acid and pectinase enzymes. The best medium for colony growth of S. coffeicola and S. rolfsii was V8 agar and for S. delphinii it was PDA. Greatest sclerotial production in all three species was achieved on PDA at incubation temperatures of 20, 35, and 20 C, respectively. Under these conditions, the total sclerotia produced in was 7, 1043, and 47 per petri dish and the average sclerotial diam was 5.1, 0.6, and 3.5 mm for S. coffeicola, S. rolfsii and S. delphinii, respectively. The species all formed clamp connections on leading hyphae, and the number of nuclei in hyphal cells ranged fro 1 to 6, with an average of 2 per cell for each species. The basidial stage was induced only in S. rolfsii (Athelia rolfsii) on PDA containing charcoal and was not observed in the other two species. The sclerotia of all species were comprised of three layers: an outer rind, a middle cortex and an inner medulla. The cortical layer was 15-20 cell layers thick in S. coffeicola compared to 4-10 layers in the other two species. Histochemical staining of sclerotia showed that the concentration of carbohydrates and metachromatic granules was greatest in the medulla, followed by the cortex, and was mostly in the cytoplasm. Proteins were also distributed in both the cortex and medulla of S. rolfsii and S. delphinii, but were more concentrated in the medulla of S. coffeicola, and occurred in both the walls and cytoplasm. Phenolic compounds were observed in the rind cells of all sclerotia, with S. coffeicola containing the least amount, and were localized to the walls. All three species produced oxalic acid, pectinase and polyphenoloxidase in culture, with highest production in S. rolfsii, followed by S. delphinii and S. coffeicola. The results from this study show a close similarity among the three Sclerotium species for the parameters measured. The species can be differentiated by colony characteristics, such as morphology and size of sclerotia, by differences in histochemical staining and composition of sclerotia, and by growth responses to temperature. [References: 33]
机译：比较了来自不同地理区域的S. coffeicola，S。delphinii和S. rolfsii分离物的形态学差异（菌落特征和菌落形成），对不同温度和培养基的生长响应（径向生长，干重和菌落产生）以及产生草酸和果胶酶的能力。对S. coffeicola和S. rolfsii菌落生长最好的培养基是V8琼脂，对S. delphinii而言，它是PDA。在PDA上，分别在20、35和20 C的孵育温度下，所有三个物种的菌核产量最高。在这些条件下，每个培养皿中产生的菌核总数分别为7、1043和47，而咖啡链球菌，罗氏链球菌和德氏链球菌的平均菌核直径分别为5.1、0.6和3.5毫米。该菌种都在前生菌丝上形成了钳夹连接，菌丝细胞中的核数范围为1至6，每个菌种平均每个细胞2个。仅在含有木炭的PDA上的Rosssii（Athelia rolfsii）中诱导了基底阶段，而在其他两个物种中未观察到。所有物种的菌核均由三层组成：外皮，中间皮层和内部髓质。在咖啡链球菌中，皮质层的厚度为15-20个细胞层，而其他两个物种的皮质层为4-10层。菌核的组织化学染色显示，碳水化合物和异色颗粒的浓度在髓质中最大，其次是皮质，并且主要在细胞质中。蛋白也分布在S. rolfsii和S. delphinii的皮质和髓质中，但更多地集中在S. coffeicola的髓质中，并同时存在于壁和细胞质中。在所有菌核的果皮细胞中都观察到了酚类化合物，其中咖啡链球菌的含量最少，并位于壁上。这三个物种在培养物中均产生草酸，果胶酶和多酚氧化酶，其中以罗氏链球菌产量最高，其次是德氏链球菌和咖啡链霉菌。这项研究的结果表明，三种菌核物种之间在测量参数方面非常相似。可通过菌落特征（例如菌核的形态和大小），菌核的组织化学染色和组成差异以及对温度的生长响应来区分物种。 [参考：33]

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