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NC-AFM imaging of the TiO2(110)-(1 x 1) surface at low temperature

机译:低温下TiO2(110)-(1 x 1)表面的NC-AFM成像

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The TiO2(110)-(1 x 1) surface is investigated using non-contact atomic force microscopy (nc-AFM) at 80 K. We successfully obtained a distinct type of image contrast mode which does not exhibit hydroxyl (OH) impurity defects that mostly appear in common nc-AFM images. We named the obtained distinct type of image contrast as the 'hidden mode'. The assignments of surface atomic rows in this contrast mode are not easy in the absence of defects. By recording different contrast modes in the same region of the surface, we identified the atomic rows obtained in the 'hidden mode' image contrast as bridging oxygen atoms (O-b). The mechanism of contrast formation was attributed to tip-induced displacement of H atoms over oxygen atoms in the OH groups on the O-b rows. This interpretation was supported by dissipation measurements. A possible candidate for the tip-generating hidden-mode image contrast was interpreted to be a positively terminated tip apex with a dimer-like structure, revealing an attractive interaction with oxygen and a repulsive force on H atom sites. In addition, with a different tip state at close tip-sample distances, we were able to successfully resolve a high resolution image of the in-plane oxygen atoms.
机译:使用80 K下的非接触原子力显微镜(nc-AFM)对TiO2(110)-(1 x 1)表面进行了研究。我们成功地获得了不显示羟基(OH)杂质缺陷的独特类型的图像对比模式大部分出现在常见的nc-AFM图像中。我们将获得的独特类型的图像对比度称为“隐藏模式”。在没有缺陷的情况下,以这种对比模式分配表面原子行并不容易。通过在表面的同一区域中记录不同的对比模式,我们将在“隐藏模式”图像对比中获得的原子行标识为桥接氧原子(O-b)。形成对比的机理归因于O-b行的OH基团中H原子在氧原子上的尖端诱导位移。这种解释得到了耗散测量的支持。产生尖端的隐藏模式图像对比度的可能候选者被解释为具有二聚体状结构的末端为正的尖端顶点,显示出与氧的吸引力相互作用以及对H原子位点的排斥力。另外,在接近尖端采样距离的情况下,使用不同的尖端状态,我们能够成功解析出平面内氧原子的高分辨率图像。

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