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The role of the immune system in governing host-microbe interactions in the intestine

机译:免疫系统在肠道中控制宿主-微生物相互作用中的作用

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摘要

The mammalian intestinal tract harbors a diverse community of trillions of microorganisms, which have co-evolved with the host immune system for millions of years. Many of these microorganisms perform functions critical for host physiology, but the host must remain vigilant to control the microbial community so that the symbiotic nature of the relationship is maintained. To facilitate homeostasis, the immune system ensures that the diverse microbial load is tolerated and anatomically contained, while remaining responsive to microbial breaches and invasion. Although the microbiota is required for intestinal immune development, immune responses also regulate the structure and composition of the intestinal microbiota. Here we discuss recent advances in our understanding of these complex interactions and their implications for human health and disease.
机译:哺乳动物的肠道拥有数万亿种微生物的多样化群落,这些微生物与宿主免疫系统共同进化了数百万年。这些微生物中的许多微生物执行着对宿主生理至关重要的功能,但是宿主必须保持警惕,以控制微生物群落,从而保持这种关系的共生性质。为了促进体内平衡,免疫系统确保可以耐受并在解剖学上控制各种微生物负荷,同时保持对微生物破坏和入侵的反应。尽管微生物群是肠道免疫发展所必需的,但免疫反应也可以调节肠道微生物群的结构和组成。在这里,我们讨论了我们对这些复杂相互作用及其对人类健康和疾病的影响的理解方面的最新进展。

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