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首页> 外文期刊>Nature reviews. Urology >Prostate cancer: Reducing overtreatment: active surveillance in low-risk disease.
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Prostate cancer: Reducing overtreatment: active surveillance in low-risk disease.

机译：前列腺癌：减少过度治疗：积极监测低危疾病。

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Prostate cancer screening often detects indolent cancers-defined as those which would never cause morbidity or mortality if left undetected and untreated. Unnecessary treatment of indolent cancer is a problem associated with this 'overdetection'. Active surveillance is a management strategy for low-risk cancers which can decrease the overtreatment burden.The benefits and risks of using PSA for the early detection of prostate cancer have engendered much debate. Following careful inspection of the large US Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial, it is clear that high pre-treatment screening and low compliance with biopsy in men with abnormal PSA impacted the results. Therefore, it is likely that the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC) and Goteborg screening trials, which found a 20% relative risk reduction (RRR) at 9 years and a 50% RRR at 14 years, might be a more accurate reflection of the impact of PSA screening on prostate cancer mortality.
机译：前列腺癌筛查通常会检测出惰性癌症，定义为如果不进行检测和治疗就永远不会导致发病或死亡的癌症。惰性癌症的不必要治疗是与这种“过度检测”相关的问题。主动监测是低风险癌症的一种管理策略，可以减轻过度治疗的负担。使用PSA早期检测前列腺癌的益处和风险引起了很多争论。在仔细检查了美国大型前列腺癌，肺癌，结直肠癌和卵巢癌（PLCO）癌症筛查试验后，很明显，对于PSA异常的男性，高的治疗前筛查和对活检的依从性较低会影响结果。因此，欧洲前列腺癌筛查随机研究（ERSPC）和哥德堡筛查试验可能发现，在9年时相对危险度降低（RRR）在20年时降低了20％，在14年时相对降低了50％的RRR。准确反映PSA筛查对前列腺癌死亡率的影响。

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