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首页> 外文期刊>Nature reviews. Urology >Incontinence: A novel, psychometrically validated bladder diary for LUTS
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Incontinence: A novel, psychometrically validated bladder diary for LUTS

机译：尿失禁：LUTS的新型经心理计量学验证的膀胱日记

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Background: Seasonality of any infectious disease is important for its control and monitoring. While influenza seasonality in people has been evaluated extensively, this question has not been studied well in swine populations. Objective: The goal of this study was to investigate seasonality of influenza in swine, using diagnostic submissions to a diagnostic laboratory. Methods: Two thousand seven hundred and eleven virological tests within 685 submissions and 5471 serological tests within 193 submissions in Ontario swine between 2007 and 2012 were included in the study and converted to total monthly number of virological and serological submissions, and the number of positive submissions. Data were analyzed by time-series decomposition, fixed-effect Poisson, random-effect Poisson regression with month as uncorrelated and correlated random effects. Results: All approaches identified seasonality in virological submissions (P < 0·02) with peak in January and April, and a trough in July, but were not able to detect seasonality of influenza-positive virological submissions (P > 0·13). Seasonality of positive serological submissions was identified only if independence between months was assumed (P < 0·03). Almost 50% of serological submissions had evidence of exposure to H3N2 and H1N1. Conclusions: Thus, this study identified evidence of seasonality in influenza-like disease in swine herds, but not in circulation of influenza virus. Evidence of seasonality in exposure to influenza was dependent on assumptions of between-month correlation. High exposure to H3N2 and H1N1 subtypes warrants more detailed investigation of within-herd influenza virus circulation. The study provides initial insight into seasonality of influenza in swine and should be followed with herd-level studies.
机译：背景：任何传染病的季节性对于控制和监测都很重要。尽管人们对流感的季节性进行了广泛的评估，但在猪群中尚未对该问题进行很好的研究。目的：本研究的目的是通过向诊断实验室提交诊断信息来调查猪流感的季节性。方法：将2007年至2012年之间安大略猪的685份提交中的271份病毒学检测和193份提交中的547份血清学检测纳入研究，并转换为每月的病毒学和血清学提交总数，以及阳性提交的数量。通过时间序列分解，固定效应泊松，随机效应泊松回归分析数据，其中月份为不相关和相关的随机效应。结果：所有方法均确定了病毒学呈报的季节性（P <0·02），其在一月和四月达到峰值，7月达到一个低谷，但无法检测到流感病毒呈阳性的呈报的季节性（P> 0·13）。仅在假定月份之间独立的情况下，才能确定血清学呈阳性呈阳性的季节性（P <0·03）。几乎有50％的血清学呈件有暴露于H3N2和H1N1的证据。结论：因此，本研究确定了猪群中流感样疾病的季节性证据，但没有发现流感病毒的流行。流感暴露的季节性证据取决于月间相关性的假设。高度暴露于H3N2和H1N1亚型需要对群内流感病毒传播进行更详细的研究。该研究为猪流感的季节性提供了初步的见识，随后应进行牛群研究。

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