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首页> 外文期刊>Neurochemistry International: The International Journal for the Rapid Publication of Critical Reviews, Preliminary and Original Research Communications in Neurochemistry >Localization and osmotic regulation of vesicular glutamate transporter-2 in magnocellular neurons of the rat hypothalamus.
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Localization and osmotic regulation of vesicular glutamate transporter-2 in magnocellular neurons of the rat hypothalamus.

机译：大鼠下丘脑大细胞神经元中囊泡谷氨酸转运蛋白2的定位和渗透调节。

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摘要

In this report we present immunocytochemical and in situ hybridization evidence that magnocellular vasopressin and oxytocin neurons in the hypothalamic supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei express type-2 vesicular glutamate transporter, a marker for their glutamatergic neuronal phenotype. To address the issue of whether an increase in magnocellular neuron activity coincides with the altered synthesis of the endogenous glutamate marker, we have introduced a new dual-label in situ hybridization method which combines fluorescent and autoradiographic signal detection components for vasopressin and vesicular glutamate transporter-2 mRNAs, respectively. Application of this technique provided evidence that 2% sodium chloride in the drinking water for 7 days produced a robust and significant increase of vesicular glutamate transporter-2 mRNA in vasopressin neurons of the supraoptic nucleus. The immunocytochemical labeling of pituitary sections, followed by the densitometric analysis of vesicular glutamate transporter-2 immunoreactivity in the posterior pituitary, revealed a concomitant increase in vesicular glutamate transporter-2 protein levels at the major termination site of the magnocellular axons. These data demonstrate that magnocellular oxytocin as well as vasopressin cells contain the glutamatergic marker vesicular glutamate transporter-2, similarly to most of the parvicellular neurosecretory neurons examined so far. The robust increase in vesicular glutamate transporter-2 mRNA and immunoreactivity after salt loading suggests that the cellular levels of vesicular glutamate transporter-2 in vasopressin neurons are regulated by alterations in water-electrolyte balance. In addition to the known synaptic actions of excitatory amino acids in magnocellular nuclei, the new observations suggest novel mechanisms whereby glutamate of endogenous sources can regulate magnocellular neuronal functions.
机译：在本报告中，我们提供了免疫细胞化学和原位杂交证据，证明下丘脑上视和脑室旁核中的大细胞加压素和催产素神经元表达2型囊泡谷氨酸转运蛋白，这是其谷氨酸能神经元表型的标志。为了解决大细胞神经元活性的增加是否与内源性谷氨酸标记物的合成改变相吻合的问题，我们引入了一种新的双标记原位杂交方法，该方法结合了荧光素和放射自显影信号检测成分，用于血管加压素和囊状谷氨酸转运蛋白- 2个mRNA，分别。这项技术的应用提供了证据，证明饮用水中7％的2％氯化钠在视光上核的血管加压素神经元中产生了强大而显着的囊泡谷氨酸转运蛋白2 mRNA升高。垂体切片的免疫细胞化学标记，然后对垂体后叶中的囊泡谷氨酸转运蛋白-2免疫反应性进行光密度分析，发现在大细胞轴突的主要终止位点，囊泡谷氨酸转运蛋白-2的蛋白质水平随之增加。这些数据表明，巨细胞催产素以及血管加压素细胞均含有谷氨酸能标记物囊泡谷氨酸转运蛋白-2，与迄今为止检查的大多数小细胞神经分泌神经元相似。盐加载后囊泡谷氨酸转运蛋白-2 mRNA的强劲增加和免疫反应性提示血管加压素神经元中囊泡谷氨酸转运蛋白-2的细胞水平受水电解质平衡变化的调节。除了已知的兴奋性氨基酸在大细胞核中的突触作用外，新的观察结果还提出了内源性谷氨酸可以调节大细胞神经元功能的新机制。

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