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首页> 外文期刊>Neurochemistry International: The International Journal for the Rapid Publication of Critical Reviews, Preliminary and Original Research Communications in Neurochemistry >Regulation of free choline in rat brain: dietary and pharmacological manipulations.
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Regulation of free choline in rat brain: dietary and pharmacological manipulations.

机译：大鼠脑中游离胆碱的调节：饮食和药理学操作。

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摘要

The present study analyses, comparatively, the kinetics of free choline in the brain of rats during dietary and pharmacological manipulations. Low-choline diet halved the choline plasma level but did not cause significant changes of CSF choline. High-choline diet, hypoxia and treatment with nicotinamide increased brain choline availability through a central site of action and increased the CSF choline concentration. CSF choline concentrations were more effectively elevated by nicotinamide treatment (20-25 microM) than by acute choline administration (13-15 microM). Increases of CSF choline, due to brain choline mobilization, were consistently associated with a net release of choline from the brain as reflected by strongly negative arterio-venous differences (AVD) of brain choline. The balance between release and uptake of brain choline was controlled by the arterial plasma choline level in all treatment groups; however, the normal 'reversal point' of 15 microM--representing the plasma choline level where uptake and release of brain choline are balanced--was shifted to more than 40 microM by high-choline diet and nicotinamide. In conclusion, our data characterize the release of choline into the venous blood as an important component of brain choline homeostasis. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the concentration of brain choline (e.g. as a precursor of acetylcholine) can be enhanced more efficiently by manipulating choline homeostatic mechanisms than by acute choline administration.
机译：本研究比较地分析了饮食和药理操作期间大鼠大脑中游离胆碱的动力学。低胆碱饮食可使胆碱血浆水平减半，但不会引起脑脊液胆碱的显着变化。高胆碱饮食，低氧和烟酰胺治疗可通过中枢作用部位增加脑胆碱的利用率，并增加脑脊液胆碱的浓度。烟酰胺治疗（20-25 microM）比急性胆碱给药（13-15 microM）更有效地提高了CSF胆碱浓度。由于脑胆碱动员，CSF胆碱的增加与胆碱从脑中的净释放始终相关，这通过脑胆碱的强烈负动静脉差异（AVD）反映出来。在所有治疗组中，脑胆碱的释放和摄取之间的平衡受动脉血浆胆碱水平的控制。但是，高胆碱饮食和烟酰胺将正常的“反转点” 15 microM（代表平衡的血浆胆碱水平，使脑胆碱的摄取和释放达到平衡）已转变为超过40 microM。总之，我们的数据将胆碱释放到静脉血中作为脑胆碱稳态的重要组成部分。此外，我们证明，通过操纵胆碱稳态机制比通过急性胆碱给药可以更有效地提高脑胆碱（例如，作为乙酰胆碱的前体）的浓度。

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