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首页> 外文期刊>Neurochemistry International: The International Journal for the Rapid Publication of Critical Reviews, Preliminary and Original Research Communications in Neurochemistry >Spatio-temporal spread of neuronal death after focal photolysis of caged glutamate in neuron/astrocyte co-cultures
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Spatio-temporal spread of neuronal death after focal photolysis of caged glutamate in neuron/astrocyte co-cultures

机译：笼状谷氨酸在神经元/星形胶质细胞共培养中局灶光解后神经元死亡的时空分布

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摘要

Glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity is now accepted as a major mechanism of ischemic neuronal damage. In the infarct core region, massive neuronal death is observed, but neurons in the surroundings of the core (ischemic penumbra) seem viable at the time of stroke. Several hours or days after a stroke, however, many neurons in the penumbra will undergo delayed neuronal death (DND). The mechanisms responsible for such DND are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated whether and how glutamate-mediated localized excitotoxic neuronal death affects surrounding neurons and astrocytes. To induce spatially-restricted excitotoxic neuronal death, a caged glutamate was focally photolyzed by a UV flash in neuron/astrocyte co-cultures. Uncaging of the glutamate resulted in acute neuronal death in the flashed area. After that, DND was observed in the surroundings of the flashed area late after the uncaging. In contrast, DND was not observed in neuron-enriched cultures, suggesting that functional changes in astrocytes, not neurons, after focal acute neuronal death were involved in the induction of DND. The present in vitro study showed that the spatially-restricted excitotoxic neuronal death resulted in DND in the surroundings of the flashed area, and suggested that the nitric oxide (NO)-induced reduction in the expression of astrocytic GLT-1 was responsible for the occurrence of the DND.
机译：谷氨酸介导的兴奋性毒性现已被认为是缺血性神经元损害的主要机制。在梗塞核心区域，观察到大量神经元死亡，但是在中风时，核心周围环境（缺血性半影​​）的神经元似乎是可行的。然而，中风后几小时或几天，半影中的许多神经元将经历延迟性神经元死亡（DND）。导致此类DND的机制尚未完全了解。在这项研究中，我们调查了谷氨酸介导的局部兴奋性毒性神经元死亡是否以及如何影响周围的神经元和星形胶质细胞。为了诱导受空间限制的兴奋性毒性神经元死亡，在神经元/星形胶质细胞共培养物中，笼罩的谷氨酸被紫外线闪光局部光解。谷氨酸的解笼导致潮红区域中的急性神经元死亡。之后，在开封后的后期，在闪光区域的周围观察到了DND。相反，在富含神经元的培养物中未观察到DND，这表明局灶性急性神经元死亡后星形胶质细胞而非神经元的功能改变与DND的诱导有关。目前的体外研究表明，受空间限制的兴奋性毒性神经元死亡在闪光区域周围导致DND，并提示一氧化氮（NO）诱导的星形胶质细胞GLT-1表达减少是造成这种情况的原因。 DND。

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