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Assessing the biosecurity risk from pathogens and herbivores to indigenous plants: lessons from weed biological control

机译：评估病原体和食草动物对本地植物的生物安全风险：杂草生物防治的经验教训

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Some potentially invasive herbivores/pathogens in their home range may attack plantsoriginating from another geographic area. Methodsare required to assess the risk these herbivores/pathogens pose to these plants in their indigenousecosystems. The processes and criteria used by weedbiological control researchers to assess the impact ofpotential biological control agents on a plant speciesin its non-native range provide a possible frame-work for assessing risks to indigenous plants. Whilethere are similarities between these criteria such asthe need for clear objectives, studies in the nativerange of the herbivore/pathogen, good knowledge ofthe ecology of the target plant and taxonomy ofthe plant and herbivore/pathogen, and modelling ofthe interaction between the two organisms, thereare some important differences in approach. Theseinclude the need to consider the threat classificationof the plant, the likely greater risk from polyphagousherbivores/pathogens than oligophagous or monoph-agous species, and the need to consider the impact ofan additional natural enemy in conjunction with a suite of existing natural enemies. The costs ofconducting a risk assessment of a herbivore/pathogenin another country that damages plants indigenous toanother geographic area means that criteria will beneeded for deciding which foreign herbivore/patho-gen species should be assessed. These criteria couldinclude the threat classification of the plant, theamount of damage to the particular plant organsaffected, and the importance in key ecosystems.
机译：在其家乡范围内的某些潜在侵入性草食动物/病原体可能会攻击源自其他地理区域的植物。需要采取方法来评估这些草食动物/病原体对这些植物在其土著生态系统中构成的风险。杂草生物学防治研究人员用来评估潜在生物防治剂对非本地植物物种的影响的过程和标准为评估本土植物的风险提供了可能的框架。尽管这些标准之间存在相似之处，例如需要明确的目标，对草食动物/病原体的本地研究，对目标植物的生态学和植物与草食动物/病原体的分类有很好的了解，以及对两种生物之间相互作用的建模，方法上的一些重要差异。这些包括需要考虑植物的威胁分类，多食性草食动物/病原体可能比少食性或独生物种具有更大的风险，还需要考虑其他天敌与一系列现有天敌的影响。在另一个国家进行草食动物/病原体风险评估而损害另一地理区域的植物的成本，这意味着需要标准来决定应评估哪些外来草食动物/病原体物种。这些标准可以包括植物的威胁分类，对受影响的特定植物器官造成的损害程度以及在关键生态系统中的重要性。

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