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首页> 外文期刊>Neuron >Acetylcholine as a Neuromodulator: Cholinergic Signaling Shapes Nervous System Function and Behavior
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Acetylcholine as a Neuromodulator: Cholinergic Signaling Shapes Nervous System Function and Behavior

机译：乙酰胆碱作为神经调节剂：胆碱能信号传导塑造神经系统的功能和行为。

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Acetylcholine in the brain alters neuronal excitability, influences synaptic transmission, induces synaptic plasticity, and coordinates firing of groups of neurons. As a result, it changes the state of neuronal networks throughout the brain and modifies their response to internal and external inputs: the classical role of a neuromodulator. Here, we identify actions of cholinergic signaling on cellular and synaptic properties of neurons in several brain areas and discuss consequences of this signaling on behaviors related to drug abuse, attention, food intake, and affect. The diverse effects of acetylcholine depend on site of release, receptor subtypes, and target neuronal population; however, a common theme is that acetylcholine potentiates behaviors that are adaptive to environmental stimuli and decreases responses to ongoing stimuli that do not require immediate action. The ability of acetylcholine to coordinate the response of neuronal networks in many brain areas makes cholinergic modulation an essential mechanism underlying complex behaviors. Acetylcholine changes the state of neuronal networks and modifies their response to internal and external inputs. Here, Picciotto et al. identify actions of cholinergic signaling on cellular and synaptic properties and discuss how it impacts behaviors related to drug abuse, attention, food intake, and affect.
机译：大脑中的乙酰胆碱会改变神经元的兴奋性，影响突触传递，诱导突触可塑性，并协调神经元群的放电。结果，它改变了整个大脑神经网络的状态，并改变了它们对内部和外部输入的响应：神经调节剂的经典作用。在这里，我们确定胆碱能信号传导对几个大脑区域神经元的细胞和突触特性的作用，并讨论该信号传导对与药物滥用，注意力，食物摄入和影响有关的行为的后果。乙酰胆碱的不同作用取决于释放部位，受体亚型和靶标神经元群体。然而，一个共同的主题是乙酰胆碱增强了对环境刺激的适应性行为，并降低了对不需要立即采取行动的持续刺激的反应。乙酰胆碱在许多大脑区域协调神经网络反应的能力使胆碱能调节成为复杂行为基础的基本机制。乙酰胆碱改变神经元网络的状态并改变其对内部和外部输入的反应。在这里，Picciotto等。识别胆碱能信号传导对细胞和突触特性的作用，并讨论其如何影响与药物滥用，注意力，食物摄入和影响有关的行为。

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