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Directional hearing by linear summation of binaural inputs at the medial superior olive

机译:通过对内侧上橄榄的双耳输入进行线性求和进行定向听力

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摘要

Neurons in the medial superior olive (MSO) enable sound localization by their remarkable sensitivity to submillisecond interaural time differences (ITDs). Each MSO neuron has its own "best ITD" to which it responds optimally. A difference in physical path length of the excitatory inputs from both ears cannot fully account for the ITD tuning of MSO neurons. As a result, it is still debated how these inputs interact and whether the segregation of inputs to opposite dendrites, well-timed synaptic inhibition, or asymmetries in synaptic potentials or cellular morphology further optimize coincidence detection or ITD tuning. Using invivo whole-cell and juxtacellular recordings, we show here that ITD tuning of MSO neurons is determined by the timing of their excitatory inputs. The inputs from both ears sum linearly, whereas spike probability depends nonlinearly on the size of synaptic inputs. This simple coincidence detection scheme thus makes accurate sound localization possible.
机译:内侧上橄榄(MSO)中的神经元通过对毫秒以下的听觉间时差(ITD)具有非凡的敏感性,可以实现声音定位。每个MSO神经元都有其自己的“最佳ITD”,可以对其做出最佳响应。来自两只耳朵的兴奋性输入的物理路径长度的差异不能完全说明MSO神经元的ITD调整。结果,仍在争论这些输入如何相互作用以及输入与相对树突的分离,适时的突触抑制或突触电位或细胞形态的不对称性是否进一步优化了巧合检测或ITD调整。使用体内全细胞和近细胞记录,我们在这里显示MSO神经元的ITD调节是由其兴奋性输入的时间决定的。来自两只耳朵的输入是线性求和的,而尖峰概率则非线性地取决于突触输入的大小。因此,这种简单的巧合检测方案使准确的声音定位成为可能。

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