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首页> 外文期刊>Neuron >Independent, reciprocal neuromodulatory control of sweet and bitter taste sensitivity during starvation in Drosophila
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Independent, reciprocal neuromodulatory control of sweet and bitter taste sensitivity during starvation in Drosophila

机译：果蝇饥饿过程中对甜味和苦味敏感性的独立，相互的神经调节控制

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摘要

An organism's behavioral decisions often depend upon the relative strength of appetitive and aversive sensory stimuli, the relative sensitivity to which can be modified by internal states like hunger. However, whether sensitivity to such opposing influences is modulated in a unidirectional or bidirectional manner is not clear. Starved flies exhibit increased sugar and decreased bitter sensitivity. It is widely believed that only sugar sensitivity changes, and that this masks bitter sensitivity. Here we use gene- and circuit-level manipulations to show that sweet and bitter sensitivity are independently and reciprocally regulated by starvation in Drosophila. We identify orthogonal neuromodulatory cascades that oppositely control peripheral taste sensitivity for each modality. Moreover, these pathways are recruited at increasing hunger levels, such that low-risk changes (higher sugar sensitivity) precede high-risk changes (lower sensitivity to potentially toxic resources). In this way, state-intensity-dependent, reciprocal regulation of appetitive and aversive peripheral gustatory sensitivity permits flexible, adaptive feeding decisions.
机译：生物体的行为决策通常取决于食欲和厌恶感官刺激的相对强度，可以通过诸如饥饿之类的内部状态来改变其相对敏感性。但是，对于这种相反影响的敏感性是以单向还是双向方式调制的还不清楚。饥饿的苍蝇表现出增加的糖分和降低的苦味敏感性。普遍认为只有糖敏感性会改变，并且这掩盖了苦味敏感性。在这里，我们使用基因和电路水平的操作来表明，果蝇的饥饿感独立地和相互地调节着甜味和苦味的敏感性。我们确定正交神经调节级联相反地控制每个模式的外围味觉敏感性。此外，这些途径是在饥饿水平增加时招募的，因此低风险的变化（较高的糖敏感性）先于高风险的变化（对潜在毒性资源的敏感性较低）。通过这种方式，对食欲和厌恶的周围味觉敏感性的依赖于状态强度的相互调节允许灵活，适应性的喂养决定。

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