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The neural mechanisms of affect infusion in social economic decision-making: A mediating role of the anterior insula

机译：社会经济决策中影响输注的神经机制：前岛绝缘的中介作用

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Though emotions have been shown to have sometimes dramatic effects on decision-making, the neural mechanisms mediating these biases are relatively unexplored. Here, we investigated how incidental affect (i.e. emotional states unrelated to the decision at hand) may influence decisions, and how these biases are implemented in the brain. Nineteen adult participants made decisions which involved accepting or rejecting monetary offers from others in an Ultimatum Game while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Prior to each set of decisions, participants watched a short video clip aimed at inducing either a sad or neutral emotional state. Results demonstrated that, as expected, sad participants rejected more unfair offers than those in the neutral condition. Neuroimaging analyses revealed that receiving unfair offers while in a sad mood elicited activity in brain areas related to aversive emotional states and somatosensory integration (anterior insula) and to cognitive conflict (anterior cingulate cortex). Sad participants also showed a diminished sensitivity in neural regions associated with reward processing (ventral striatum). Importantly, insular activation uniquely mediated the relationship between sadness and decision bias. This study is the first to reveal how subtle mood states can be integrated at the neural level to influence decision-making.
机译：尽管情绪有时会对决策产生巨大影响，但介导这些偏见的神经机制却相对较少。在这里，我们研究了偶然的影响（即与手头的决定无关的情绪状态）如何影响决定，以及这些偏见如何在大脑中实现。 19名成年参与者在进行功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）的同时，在最后通Game游戏中做出了接受或拒绝他人提供金钱的决定。在做出每组决定之前，参与者都观看了一段短片，旨在诱发悲伤或中立的情绪状态。结果表明，正如预期的那样，悲伤的参与者比处于中立状态的参与者拒绝了更多不公平的提议。神经影像学分析显示，在悲伤的情绪中接受不公平的报价会引起与厌恶情绪状态和体感整合（前岛）和认知冲突（前扣带回皮层）有关的大脑区域活动。悲伤的参与者还表现出与奖励处理（腹侧纹状体）相关的神经区域的敏感性降低。重要的是，岛状激活独特地介导了悲伤与决策偏向之间的关系。这项研究是第一个揭示微妙的情绪状态如何在神经元水平整合以影响决策的研究。

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