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Disabling conditional inferences: An EEG study

机译：禁用条件推论：一项脑电图研究

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Although the Modus Ponens inference is one of the most basic logical rules, decades of conditional reasoning research show that it is often rejected when people consider stored background knowledge about potential disabling conditions. In the present study we used EEG to identify neural markers of this process. We presented participants with many and few disabler conditionals for which retrieval of disabling conditions was likely or unlikely. As in classic behavioral studies we observed that participants accepted the standard MP conclusion less for conditionals with many disablers. The key finding was that the presentation of the standard MP conclusion also resulted in a more pronounced N2 and less pronounced P3b for the many disabler conditionals. This specific N2/P3b pattern has been linked to the violation and satisfaction of expectations, respectively. Thereby, the present ERP findings support the idea that disabler retrieval lowers reasoners' expectations that the standard MP conclusion can be drawn.
机译：尽管Modus Ponens推理是最基本的逻辑规则之一，但数十年的条件推理研究表明，当人们考虑存储的有关潜在残疾条件的背景知识时，它常常被拒绝。在本研究中，我们使用脑电图来识别这一过程的神经标记。我们为参与者提供了许多残疾人条件，而对于残疾人条件的恢复很可能或不太可能。就像在经典的行为研究中一样，我们观察到参与者对具有许多残障者的条件接受的MP标准结论较少。关键发现是，标准MP结论的呈现还导致了许多残障者条件词的N2更为明显，P3b较不明显。这种特定的N2 / P3b模式已分别与期望的违反和满足联系在一起。因此，当前的ERP研究结果支持了残障人士检索降低了推理者对可以得出标准MP结论的期望的想法。

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