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首页> 外文期刊>New horizons in translational medicine. >Translational aspects in targeting the stromal tumour microenvironment: From bench to bedside
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Translational aspects in targeting the stromal tumour microenvironment: From bench to bedside

机译：针对基质肿瘤微环境的转化方面：从实验台到床边

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Solid tumours comprise, not only malignant cells but also a variety of stromal cells and extracellular matrix proteins. These components interact via an array of signalling pathways to create an adaptable network that may act to promote or suppress cancer progression. To date, the majority of anti-tumour chemotherapeutic agents have principally sought to target the cancer cell. Consequently, resistance develops because of clonal evolution, as a result of selection pressure during tumour expansion. The concept of activating or inhibiting other cell types within the tumour microenvironment is relatively novel and has the advantage of targeting cells which are genetically stable and less likely to develop resistance. This review outlines key players in the stromal tumour microenvironment and discusses potential targeting strategies that may offer therapeutic benefit. Focal points:?Benchside The tumour stroma consists of mesenchymal, immune and vascular cells housed in an extracellular matrix. Stromal cells and extracellular matrix proteins represent genetically stable targets which can be exploited in cancer treatment. Numerous in vitro and animal studies support the concept of stromal-directed treatment.?Bedside Several therapeutic strategies have been developed or repurposed to target the stroma. The anti-angiogenic agent bevacizumab was one of the first specific stromal-targeting agents to be licensed for cancer treatment over a decade ago. More recently, immune modulation of the stroma has become a hugely successful strategy, with novel drugs such as checkpoint inhibitors set to revolutionise cancer treatment.?Governments Funding bodies should continue to acknowledge the pivotal role that the stroma plays in cancer progression, in parallel with cancer cell itself. Undoubtedly, the most successful treatment regimens of the future will address both the "seed" and the "soil".
机译：实体瘤不仅包括恶性细胞，而且包括多种基质细胞和细胞外基质蛋白。这些成分通过一系列信号传导途径相互作用，形成一个适应性网络，该网络可以起到促进或抑制癌症进展的作用。迄今为止，大多数抗肿瘤化学治疗剂主要是试图靶向癌细胞。因此，由于肿瘤扩展期间的选择压力，由于克隆进化而产生抗性。激活或抑制肿瘤微环境中其他细胞类型的概念相对较新，具有靶向基因稳定且不太可能产生耐药性的细胞的优势。这篇综述概述了基质肿瘤微环境中的关键参与者，并讨论了可能提供治疗益处的潜在靶向策略。联络点：长凳肿瘤基质由位于细胞外基质中的间充质，免疫和血管细胞组成。基质细胞和细胞外基质蛋白代表可以在癌症治疗中利用的遗传稳定靶标。许多体外和动物研究都支持基质定向治疗的概念。床旁已经开发出多种治疗策略或将其重新用于靶向基质。抗血管生成药贝伐单抗是十多年前获得许可用于癌症治疗的首批特定基质靶向药物之一。最近，基质的免疫调节已成为非常成功的策略，诸如检查点抑制剂等新药将彻底改变癌症治疗。政府资助机构应继续认识到基质在癌症进展中的关键作用癌细胞本身。毫无疑问，未来最成功的治疗方案将同时针对“种子”和“土壤”。

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