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Magnetic resonance imaging assessment of degenerative cervical myelopathy: a review of structural changes and measurement techniques

机译:退行性颈椎病的磁共振成像评估:结构变化和测量技术的审查

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摘要

Degenerative cervical myelopathy encompasses a spectrum of age-related structural changes of the cervical spine that result in static and dynamic injury to the spinal cord and collectively represent the most common cause of myelopathy in adults. Although cervical myelopathy is determined clinically, the diagnosis requires confirmation via imaging, and MRI is the preferred modality. Because of the heterogeneity of the condition and evolution of MRI technology, multiple techniques have been developed over the years in an attempt to quantify the degree of baseline severity and potential for neurological recovery. In this review, these techniques are categorized anatomically into those that focus on bone, ligaments, discs, and the spinal cord. In addition, measurements for the cervical spine canal size and sagittal alignment are also described briefly. These tools have resulted collectively in the identification of numerous useful parameters. However, the development of multiple techniques for assessing the same feature, such as cord compression, has also resulted in a number of challenges, including introducing ambiguity in terms of which methods to use and hindering effective comparisons of analysis in the literature. In addition, newer techniques that use advanced MRI are emerging and providing exciting new tools for assessing the spinal cord in patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy.
机译:退行性颈椎病包括一系列与年龄相关的颈椎结构变化,这些变化会导致脊髓的静态和动态损伤,并共同代表成人脊髓病的最常见原因。尽管临床上确定了颈椎病,但诊断需要通过影像学确认,而MRI是首选方式。由于条件的异质性和MRI技术的发展,这些年来开发了多种技术,试图对基线严重程度和神经功能恢复的潜力进行量化。在这篇综述中,这些技术在解剖学上被归类为专注于骨骼,韧带,椎间盘和脊髓的那些技术。此外,还简要介绍了颈椎管尺寸和矢状位的测量。这些工具共同导致了许多有用参数的识别。然而,用于评估同一特征的多种技术的发展,例如帘线压缩,也带来了许多挑战,包括在使用哪种方法方面引入了歧义,并阻碍了文献中有效的分析比较。此外,正在出现使用高级MRI的更新技术,这些技术为评估变性性颈椎病患者的脊髓提供了令人兴奋的新工具。

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