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首页> 外文期刊>Nutrition >Scientific misconduct and unethical human experimentation: historic parallels and moral implications.
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Scientific misconduct and unethical human experimentation: historic parallels and moral implications.

机译：科学不端行为和不道德的人类实验：历史的相似之处和道德含义。

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摘要

Although a great deal of human experimentation has been performed to elucidate information otherwise not obtainable, there are many recorded instances of unethical human experimentation. There is also a history of crimes that were committed and disguised as human experiments, best exemplified by the activities of some physicians in Nazi Germany from 1933 until 1945. As a direct result of these activities, a war-crimes trial after World War II resulted in the creation of the Nuremberg Code, to guide future human experimentation. Despite this, unethical experiments were conducted at major academic institutions in the United States in the years after World War II by otherwise normal physicians who did not feel that the Nuremberg Code applied to them personally. There are several possible explanations for such activities, but the desire for personal advancement is prominent among these. Episodes of scientific misconduct such as falsification of experimental data or of personal qualifications seem to be more commonly reported recently and have also been described in the popular press. This activity may also be motivated by desire for personal advancement, giving it a parallel to the conduct of unethical human experimentation. Education may be the best way to prevent these activities that may have similar motivating factors.
机译：尽管已经进行了大量的人类实验来阐明原本无法获得的信息，但是有许多记录下来的不道德的人类实验实例。历史上也有将犯罪作为人类实验进行掩饰和掩饰的历史，最典型的例子是1933年至1945年在纳粹德国的一些医生的活动。这些活动的直接结果是，第二次世界大战后进行了一场战争罪审判在创建纽伦堡法典中，以指导未来的人类实验。尽管如此，第二次世界大战后的几年中，美国的主要学术机构还是进行了不道德的实验，这些正常的医生并不认为纽伦堡守则是个人适用的。对于此类活动，有几种可能的解释，但是其中对个人晋升的渴望尤为突出。最近，似乎更普遍地报道了科学行为不端的事件，例如伪造实验数据或个人资格证，并且在大众媒体中也有描述。这项活动也可能是出于对个人发展的渴望，使其与不道德的人类实验相平行。教育可能是阻止这些可能具有相似动机的活动的最佳方法。

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