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首页> 外文期刊>Nursing research >Effects of a nurse-managed program on hepatitis A and B vaccine completion among homeless adults.
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Effects of a nurse-managed program on hepatitis A and B vaccine completion among homeless adults.

机译：护士管理的计划对无家可归的成年人中甲型和乙型肝炎疫苗接种完成的影响。

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BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection constitutes a major health problem for homeless persons. Ability to complete an HBV vaccination series is complicated by the need to prioritize competing needs, such as addiction issues, safe places to sleep, and food, over health concerns. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effectiveness of a nurse-case-managed intervention compared with that of two standard programs on completion of the combined hepatitis A virus (HAV) and HBV vaccine series among homeless adults and to assess sociodemographic factors and risk behaviors related to the vaccine completion. METHODS: A randomized, three-group, prospective, quasi-experimental design was conducted with 865 homeless adults residing in homeless shelters, drug rehabilitation sites, and outdoor areas in the Skid Row area of Los Angeles. The programs included (a) nurse-case-managed sessions plus targeted hepatitis education, incentives, and tracking (NCMIT); (b) standard targeted hepatitiseducation plus incentives and tracking (SIT); and (c) standard targeted hepatitis education and incentives only (SI). RESULTS: Sixty-eight percent of the NCMIT participants completed the three-series vaccine at 6 months, compared with 61% of SIT participants and 54% of SI participants. NCMIT participants had almost 2 times greater odds of completing vaccination than those of participants in the SI program. Completers were more likely to be older, to be female, to report fair or poor health, and not to have participated in a self-help drug treatment program. Newly homeless White adults were significantly less likely than were African Americans to complete the vaccine series. DISCUSSION: The use of vaccination programs incorporating nurse case management and tracking is critical in supporting adherence to completion of a 6-month HAV/HBV vaccine. The finding that White homeless persons were the least likely to complete the vaccine series suggests that programs tailored to address their unique cultural issues areneeded.
机译：背景：乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染是无家可归者的主要健康问题。由于需要优先考虑竞争需求，例如成瘾问题，安全的睡眠场所和食物，而不是健康问题，因此完成HBV疫苗接种系列的能力变得复杂。目的：本研究的目的是评估在无家可归的成年人中完成两个甲型肝炎病毒（HAV）和乙肝疫苗联合疫苗系列的护士病例管理干预与两个标准程序的有效性比较，并评估社会人口统计学因素和与疫苗接种完成有关的风险行为。方法：采用随机，三组，前瞻性，准实验设计，对865名无家可归的成年人进行了研究，他们居住在洛杉矶Skid Row地区的无家可归者收容所，毒品康复场所和室外区域。这些计划包括：（a）由护士病例管理的课程，以及针对性的肝炎教育，奖励措施和跟踪（NCMIT）; （b）有针对性的标准肝炎教育加上奖励和跟踪（SIT）; （c）仅针对标准的肝炎教育和奖励措施（SI）。结果：有68％的NCMIT参与者在6个月时完成了三系列疫苗的接种，而61％的SIT参与者和54％的SI参与者则完成了该疫苗。 NCMIT参与者完成疫苗接种的几率几乎是SI计划参与者的几倍。完成者更有可能是年纪较大，是女性，报告健康状况不佳或不参加自助药物治疗计划。新的无家可归的白人成年人完成疫苗系列的可能性大大低于非裔美国人。讨论：结合护士病例管理和跟踪的疫苗接种计划的使用对于支持遵守6个月HAV / HBV疫苗的完成至关重要。白人无家可归者最不可能完成疫苗系列的发现表明，需要针对其独特文化问题量身定制的计划。

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