The 2007 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Albert Fert(Universite Paris-Sud,Orsay,France)and Peter Griinberg(Institut fur Festkkorperforschung,Julich,Germany)for discovering the"Giant Magnetoresistance"(GMR)quantum mechanical effect that can control the flow of electrical current-the heart of modern hard drive technology-through sandwiches of metals built at the nanoscale.
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