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首页> 外文期刊>Language and cognitive processes >Mnemonic effect of iconic gesture and beat gesture in adults and children: Is meaning in gesture important for memory recall?
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Mnemonic effect of iconic gesture and beat gesture in adults and children: Is meaning in gesture important for memory recall?

机译：标志性手势和跳动手势对成人和儿童的助记作用：手势的含义对记忆回忆重要吗？

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Abundant research has shown that encoding meaningful gesture, such as an iconic gesture, enhances memory. This paper asked whether gesture needs to carry meaning to improve memory recall by comparing the mnemonic effect of meaningful (i.e., iconic gestures) and nonmeaningful gestures (i.e., beat gestures). Beat gestures involve simple motoric movement produced along with the rhythm of the speech (e.g., hand with open palm flips outwards). Although beat gesture does not carry any semantic meaning, it serves a meta-cognitive function by marking the parts of speech that the speaker would like to emphasise. It also activates prosodic processing of the accompanying speech. We also asked whether the mnemonic effect of both types of gestures was found in both adults and children. In both experiments adults and 4-5-year-old children watched 3 different videos, each consisted of a list of 10 words (5 words for children), in 3 conditions (words accompanied by iconic gestures, words accompanied by beat gestures, and words not accompanied by gestures) and were asked to recall the words without moving their hands. Not surprisingly, encoding iconic gesture improved memory in both adults and children-they recalled more words when encoding them with iconic gestures than when encoding words alone. Interestingly, encoding beat gestures aided recall in adults, suggesting that both meaningful and nonmeaningful gestures could strengthen their memory. More importantly, adults recalled comparable number of words when encoding them with iconic gestures and beat gestures. However, such mnemonic effect of beat gesture was not found in children, suggesting that young children might not be sensitive to the meta-cognitive aspects of beat gesture.
机译：大量研究表明，对有意义的手势（例如图标手势）进行编码可以增强记忆力。本文通过比较有意义的手势（即图标手势）和无意义的手势（即拍打手势）的助记符效果，询问手势是否需要携带含义以改善记忆回忆。节拍手势涉及伴随着讲话节奏而产生的简单运动动作（例如，张开手掌的手向外翻转）。尽管节拍手势没有任何语义含义，但它通过标记讲话者希望强调的语音部分而发挥了元认知功能。它还会激活伴随语音的韵律处理。我们还询问在成人和儿童中是否都发现了两种手势的助记符效果。在实验中，成人和4-5岁的孩子观看了3个不同的视频，每个视频包含10个单词的列表（5个孩子的单词），在3种情况下（带有标志性手势的单词，带有节拍手势的单词以及不带手势的单词），并要求他们不动手即可回忆起单词。毫不奇怪，对图标手势进行编码可以改善成年人和儿童的记忆力-与仅对单词进行编码相比，使用图标手势对它们进行回忆时，可以回忆起更多的单词。有趣的是，编码节拍手势可以帮助成年人回忆，这表明有意义的手势和无意义的手势都可以增强他们的记忆力。更重要的是，成年人在使用标志性手势和拍打手势进行编码时，记得的单词数量相当。但是，在儿童中未发现节拍手势的这种记忆效果，这表明幼儿可能对节拍手势的元认知方面不敏感。

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