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首页> 外文期刊>Land Use Policy >To reallocate or not: reconsidering the dilemma in China's agricultural land tenure policy.
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To reallocate or not: reconsidering the dilemma in China's agricultural land tenure policy.

机译：是否重新分配：重新考虑中国农业土地使用权政策的困境。

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In China, rural land is collectively owned at the village level. Village officials usually have the power to reallocate land property across families on an ongoing basis due to demographic changes in the village. Realizing that frequent land reallocation and abusive land requisition will undermine economic productivity as well as social stability, the "Rural Land Contract Law" passed in 2002 explicitly reads that farmland tenure security must be maintained for at least 30 years since the last nationwide reallocation in 1998. The frequency and magnitude of land reallocation in Chinese villages have decreased as a result. However, failure to allocate land to the newly increased population often induced conflicts among village members if the security of land tenure for 30 years was strictly implemented. Administrative land reallocations then still continued in some villages to accommodate demographic changes in these places. Based on an almost nationally representative rural dataset collected in 119 villages of 6 provinces across China in 2008, this paper lays out some stylized facts about the administrative land reallocation after 1998. By analyzing the opinions of over 2200 farmers on the central policy of maintaining farmland tenure security, we are able to rationalize why some farmers support the policy while others oppose it. This analysis helps us to better understand the dilemma between efficiency and equity embedded in the current agricultural land system in China. It is further shown that social conflicts among village members may easily arise either due to administrative land reallocation or due to lack of it. We argue that this dilemma cannot be resolved effectively without coordinated reforms in household registration system which can help hundreds of millions of Chinese rural migrant workers to permanently settle in cities and release their farmland to those who stay in the countryside.
机译：在中国，农村土地归村级集体所有。由于村庄人口的变化，村庄官员通常有权持续在各个家庭之间重新分配土地财产。意识到频繁的土地重新分配和滥用土地的征收将损害经济生产力以及社会稳定，因此2002年通过的《农村土地承包法》明确规定，自1998年上一次全国范围的重新分配以来，农田土地保有权必须至少维持30年。结果，中国村庄的土地重新分配的频率和幅度都降低了。但是，如果严格执行30年的土地使用权保障，则无法为新增加的人口分配土地往往会引起村民之间的冲突。然后，仍在一些村庄继续进行行政土地分配，以适应这些地方的人口变化。本文基于2008年在全国6个省的119个村庄中收集的，具有全国代表性的农村数据集，阐述了1998年后行政土地重新分配的一些典型事实。通过分析2200多个农民对中央耕地中央政策的看法，在保有权保障方面，我们能够合理地解释为什么有些农民支持该政策而其他人反对该政策。这种分析有助于我们更好地理解当前中国农业土地制度中的效率与公平之间的困境。进一步表明，由于行政土地的重新分配或缺乏土地，很容易引起村民之间的社会冲突。我们认为，如果不进行户籍制度的协调改革，就无法有效解决这一难题，因为这可以帮助数亿中国农民工永久定居城市，并将耕地释放给留在农村的人。

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