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首页> 外文期刊>Northern Journal of Applied Forestry >Growth and injury patterns of eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) seedlings as affected by hardwood overstory density and weeding treatments
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Growth and injury patterns of eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) seedlings as affected by hardwood overstory density and weeding treatments

机译：硬木超量密度和除草处理对东部白松（Pinus strobus L.）幼苗的生长和伤害方式的影响

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摘要

White pine seedlings were underplanted under a range of overstory densities in a hardwood stand in northern Minnesota. Vegetation surrounding seedlings was left untreated (control), weeded annually, or completely removed through monthly weeding. After 4 years, the benefit of weeding woody competition for diameter growth of seedlings was limited to areas with relatively open overstory conditions. Seedling height growth was reduced in areas with higher overstory density, but improved through weeding treatments that removed woody vegetation. The removal of herbaceous vegetation did not improve growth of seedlings in any conditions. Open growing conditions created by overstory removal and weed control resulted in higher incidences of seedling injuries, e.g., through infection by white pine blister rust. Conditions for pine bark adelgids also were enhanced in areas with low overstory densities and weeding treatments. The incidence for white pine weevil seems to follow a similar pattern, although the number of trees infected was minimal. Results show that improving growing conditions through management of the overstory and understory vegetation improves seedling growth rates, but must be balanced with potentially higher incidences of seedling injuries under more open conditions.
机译：在明尼苏达州北部的阔叶林中，白松树苗在一定的密度下种植不足。对周围幼苗的植被进行未经处理（对照），每年除草或通过每月除草将其完全清除。 4年后，除草木竞争对幼苗直径生长的好处仅限于相对开放的过度耕作条件的地区。在草皮密度较高的地区，幼苗高度的生长减少，但通过去除木本植物的除草处理，幼苗的生长得以改善。在任何情况下，去除草木植被都不会改善幼苗的生长。由于去除过高的树皮和控制杂草而产生的开放式生长条件导致较高的幼苗伤害发生率，例如通过白松水泡锈病的感染。在树皮密度低和进行除草处理的地区，松树皮树皮的条件也得到了改善。尽管被感染的树木数量很少，但白松象鼻虫的发病率似乎也遵循类似的模式。结果表明，通过管理上层和下层植被来改善生长条件可以提高幼苗的生长速度，但必须在更开放的条件下与可能增加的幼苗伤害发生率相平衡。

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